Somaclonal variation as a tool for crop improvement

Karp, A.

doi:10.1007/bf00023959

Cited by 171 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…On the other hand, if the goal is to retain all of the essential characteristics of this ultradwarf cultivar, in addition to a novel agronomic trait such as herbicide resistance, then the efficiency of this transformation system is comparatively low. We used 2,4-D as the auxin source during tissue culture, which may increase the chance of recovering hexaploid plants (Karp 1994(Karp , 1995 either by inducing polyploidy or by selecting for polyploid cell growth. Zhang et al (2003) used dicamba as the auxin source, although differences in ploidy were not determined.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ploidy variation among herbicide-resistant bermudagrass plants of cv. TifEagle transformed with the bar gene

et al. 2004

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A protocol was developed for biolistic transformation of hybrid bermudagrass cv. TifEagle using the bar gene. TifEagle is an ultradwarf used exclusively on golf greens. Herbicide resistance should serve as a useful management tool, especially if methyl-bromide is unavailable for fumigation prior to plant establishment. Hybrid bermudagrass is completely sterile, which should limit the chance of gene escape via out-crossing. Sliced nodes were used to initiate embryogenic tissue cultures on MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/l 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 0.01 mg/l 6-benzylaminopurine (BA). Embryogenic tissue was bombarded with the bar gene, and herbicide-resistant tissue was selected in the dark on medium supplemented with 0.75 mg/l 2,4-D, 0.01 mg/l BA and 5-15 mg/l phosphinothricin (PPT). Resistant somatic embryos were induced to germinate in the light on MS medium supplemented with 0.13 mg/l 2,4-D and 0.5 mg/l BA. Plants were transferred to the greenhouse after rooting in the presence of 10-15 mg/l PPT and testing positive in a chlorophenol red assay. A total of 89 herbicide-resistant plants were recovered from at least nine independent events from six separate bombardments, although the number of independent transformation events was not confirmed for the entire group. Flow cytometry indicated that most of the plants (82/89) were hexaploid and that the remaining seven plants were triploid. The hexaploid plants were a darker green than the triploids or TifEagle control. Other variation, present only in the hexaploids, included an increased leaf width and length. Southern blot hybridization confirmed genomic integration of the bar gene in triploid and a subset of hexaploid herbicide-resistant plants. AFLP analysis did not indicate changes in DNA profiles using [33P] and a sample of 32 hexaploid plants recovered from a single bombardment. DNA profiles were very similar to that of the TifEagle control with a semi-automated fluorescence-based AFLP.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ploidy variation among herbicide-resistant bermudagrass plants of cv. TifEagle transformed with the bar gene

et al. 2004

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“…Furthermore, it is generally assumed that polyploid species may be more susceptible to somaclonal variation than diploid ones (e.g. Karp 1995). These variations are prone to occur in any micropropagation protocol and depend on the type of explant and environmental stressing conditions.…”

Section: Micropropagation Protocolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of genetic stability of two micropropagated wild olive species using flow cytometry and microsatellite markers

Brito

Lopes

Loureiro

et al. 2010

Trees

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Micropropagated plants from two wild-olive species, Olea maderensis and O. europaea ssp. europaea var. sylvestris were screened for genetic stability. O. maderensis shoots were elongated/multiplied on OMG medium with zeatin (9.12 lM), and rooted on 1/2 OMG with NAA (3.22 lM). O. europaea var. sylvestris shoots were elongated/multiplied on OM medium with zeatin, and rooting was optimal after a hormonal shock (IBA 100 lM) followed by transfer to the same medium without growth regulators. In both species, acclimatization was successful and plants looked normal and morphologically identical to the donor field trees. Genetic variability was assessed at several stages of the micropropagation process using flow cytometry (FCM) and nuclear microsatellites (SSR). No changes in ploidy level were found among micropropagated plants, though small deviations, putatively due to the negative effects of cytosolic compounds on propidium iodide staining, between these and field plants were observed. In SSRs analyses, ten SSR markers were able to distinguish between genotypes. No mutations were found in these tested SSR loci among the donor tree and micropropagated plants, suggesting, for the tested markers, genetic uniformity throughout the process. The FCM and SSR results obtained do not exclude the occurrence of other changes in the nuclear genome but, considering the morphological stability of micropropagated plants, indicate that both protocols are suitable and efficient for large scale, true-to-type micropropagation of these two wild olive species.

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“…11 In vitro selection of somaclones by either applying selection agent on the culture media or by giving specific condition to change the somaclone with the desired character has been studied. 12,13 In addition, the plants are expected to have an improved growth and yield.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro selection and field responses of somaclonal variant plants of rice cv PR113 for drought tolerance

Verma

Ansari

Agrawal³

et al. 2013

Plant Signaling & Behavior

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Somaclonal variation as a tool for crop improvement

Cited by 171 publications

References 59 publications

Ploidy variation among herbicide-resistant bermudagrass plants of cv. TifEagle transformed with the bar gene

Ploidy variation among herbicide-resistant bermudagrass plants of cv. TifEagle transformed with the bar gene

Assessment of genetic stability of two micropropagated wild olive species using flow cytometry and microsatellite markers

In vitro selection and field responses of somaclonal variant plants of rice cv PR113 for drought tolerance

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