Some aspects of matrix effects caused by sodiumtetraborate in the analysis of rare earth minerals with the aid of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy

Elemental matrix effects in ICP-AES

“…18 When plotting the net emission intensity in the absence of sodium divided by that obtained in the presence of sodium versus E sum for several ionic lines, using a non-robust plasma, Romero et al 89 found a maximum. This maximum was located at E sum values of around 11 eV, 160 thus providing evidence that the excitation and ionization conditions were being modified. This energy value coincided with the energy level for argon metastable species.…”

Time gating for the elimination of interferences in electrothermal vaporization-inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry

“…Several researchers have reported the effects of easily ionizable elements on Fe emission (atomic and ionic) within an ICP plasma when the sample was introduced by either continuous nebulization (22)(23)(24) or discrete sampling (25). Iron emission intensity varied with presence or absence of the EIE at different positions above the load coil.…”

Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectrometry

“…They may also cause changes in the plasma volume as a result of ambipolar diffusion or eventually quench excited species such as metastables [15]. This effect is strongest in the case of free sample aspiration and relatively low nebulizer gas flow and can be minimized.…”

“…In the analysis of geological samples, sample dissolution with respect to not only nebulization but also to ionization interferences is important [15]. Indeed, in a number of cases, such as with carbonaceous minerals, a treatment with HCl will be sufficient; however, in a number of cases, it will be required to use strongly oxidizing acids.…”