Some Autonomic-Central Nervous System Interrelationships

Lacey, John I.; Lacey, Beatrice C.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-102850-3.50016-5

Cited by 303 publications

(304 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In contrast, vigilance decrements, or reductions in the ability to sustain attention over time, were observed in the control condition and were associated with reduced skin conductance levels (O'Connell, Bellgrove, Dockree, Lau, Fitzgerald, & Robertson, 2008). Research has also demonstrated a close relationship between attention and heart rate such that heart rate slows while attending (Coles, 1972;Lacey & Lacey, 1970;Papillo & Shapiro, 1990;Porges & Raskin, 1969;Ravaja, 2004;Turpin, 1986). Interestingly, the pattern of directional fractionation observed here for boredom (i.e., increased HR with decreased SCL) has also been observed in individuals with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD; Hermens, Williams, Lazzaro, Whitmont, Melkonian, & Gordon, 2004;Losoya, 1995;Snoek, Van Goozen, Matthys, Buitelaar, & Van Engeland, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing the psychophysiological signature of boredom

2013

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing the psychophysiological signature of boredom

2013

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“…It has been suggested that characteristics of acute lab stressors may influence CV responses independent of emotional processes (6,7). For example, the degree to which tasks involve active coping has been linked to patterns of CV response (6).…”

Section: Alternative Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Negative emotions and acute physiological responses to stress

Feldman¹,

Cohen²,

Lepore³

et al. 1999

ann. behav. med.

148

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One pathway through which stressors are thought to influence physiology is through their effects on emotion. We used metaanalytic statistical techniques with data from nine studies to test the effects of acute laboratory stressors ( speech, star mirror-image tracing, hand grip) on emotional (undifferentiated negative emotion, angel; anxiety) and cardiovascular (CV) response. In all of the studies, participants responded to stressors with both increased CV response and increased negative emotion. Increases in negative emotion were associated with increases in CV response across tasks, howevel; these associations were small. The range of variance accounted for was between 2% and 12%. Thus, the contribution of negative emotion, as assessed in these studies, to physiological responses to acute laboratory stressors was limited. Although these results raise questions about the role of emotion in mediating stress-elicited physiological responses, the nature of the acute laboratory stress paradigm may contribute to the lack of a strong association.

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“…Other research has found these variables to form different patterns of relationship to each other in response to varying types of stressors. Lacey and Lacey (1970) first noted that cardiac deceleration (the "orienting response") was associated with situations which demanded the subject's attention, such as a reaction time task which was cued by prior signal. An interesting related study (Israel, 1968(Israel, , 1969 found that the magnitude of this deceleration was seemingly related to the cognitive style of the subject.…”

Section: Cardiovascular Reactivity 29mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…l As physiological indicators of arousal (Lacey & Lacey, 1970) due to the differentially stressful conditions, measures of systolio and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate were taken during the baseline and experimental conditions. These measures have been used frequently in other studies, some of which suggest that they do not always react in concert with each other.…”

Section: Cardiovascular Reactivity 29mentioning

confidence: 99%

Anger and denial as predictors of cardiovascular reactivity in women

Emerson

Harrison

1990

J Psychopathol Behav Assess

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Behavioral and physiological reactivity, and its relationship to cardiovascular disease has been studied in men for a number of years, and the expression of anger has been identified as a possible contributing factor. Few studies, however, have focused specifically on the reactivity of women, and those which have suggest that women are less reactive to laboratory tasks than men. For the present study, 45 undergraduate women, ages 19-21 were selected from a larger sample of 135 women to represent three discrete groups: (1) low anger/low denial, (2) high anger/low denial, and (3) low anger/high denial, based on their scores on the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory, 1 and the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale. It was hypothesized that the three groups would show reliable differences in heart rate and blood pressure during presentation of a stressful laboratory stimulus, the Stroop Color and Word Test. Each subject received three counterbalanced conditions: (1) no feedback, (2) error feedback without observer present, (3) error feedback with observer present. As hypothesized, women who reported a high level of denial and a low level of anger exhibited reliably greater systolic blood pressure to the no-feedback condition than subjects who reported low levels of denial and anger. The hypothesis that all groups°w ould display greater reactivity in a condition which T provided error feedback with observation was not supported. (Eliot, Buell & Dembroski, 1982;Obrist, 1981). The reasons for this are still somewhat unclear.Investigations of the etiology and effects of hyperreactivity have followed three independent, yet seemingly related, lines of research. As early as 1911, Walter Cannon addressed the association between anger and the neuroendocrine mediation of the "fight-flight" response, the physiological reactivity associated with the mobilization of energy. Much later, in the early 1950's, investigators studying the relationship between cardiovascular reactivity and hypertension found that Cardiovascular Reactivity 1 compared to normotensives, hypertensive individuals manifested larger systolic blood pressure increases to stimuli which elicited both pain and anger (Schacter, 1957).Concurrently, other researchers utilized a harrassment paradigm with men to study the effects of psychological stress on hypertension. They found that individuals could be grouped according to whether or not they expressed their feelings (especially those of anger and anxiety), and that these groups evidenced differential degrees of reactivity in blood pressure and heart rate (Funkenstein, King, & Drolette, 1954).A third line of investigation focused on coronary heart disease. Friedman and Rosenman (1961) (1982), Contrada (1984), and. A 1 portion of this data will be discussed here. (Glass, 1983;Eliot, 1979;Haft, 1974; Raab, Chaplin, & Bajusc, 1989; Ardlie, Glew, & Schwartz, 1968). These effects have been observed in animals (Manuck, Kaplan, & Clarkson, 1983a;1985a) and also in acute and chronic studies of humans (Franke...

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Some Autonomic-Central Nervous System Interrelationships

Cited by 303 publications

References 9 publications

Characterizing the psychophysiological signature of boredom

Characterizing the psychophysiological signature of boredom

Negative emotions and acute physiological responses to stress

Anger and denial as predictors of cardiovascular reactivity in women

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