Some ecophysiological features in sun and shade leaves of tall beech trees

Masarovičová, E.; Štefančík, L.

doi:10.1007/bf02898503

Cited by 34 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In the sun crown leaves of seedlings had a significantly higher specific leaf area than leaves of adult trees. Changes in specific leaf area with increasing tree age and size may indicate a change from a kind of more shade-type foliage towards a more sun type foliage, being consistent with findings from [12,20] on sun and shade leaves of Fagus sylvatica. This is further corroborated by gas exchange measurements (table I) because a lower specific leaf area involves an increase in net photosynthesis when related to leaf area of Fagus sylvatica [20,35,36,41] and other tree species [4,21,25,33,44,45].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Throughout the growing season, the seedlings were watered regularly in order to avoid drought stress. Although the leaves studied differed significantly with respect to specific leaf area (table I), the values were within the range found in previous studies for sun and shade exposed leaves of adult canopy trees [5,12,20] and seedlings [2,26,41].…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Consequently, area based values of antioxidants and photoprotective pigments are of potential importance, to relate defense capacity to environmental impacts [46], especially when tree ageing coincides with alterations in leaf morphology [39,46,47]. In coincidence with previous studies in seedling and adult Fagus sylvatica trees [12,15,20,22,26,29,30,41] there were clear differences in antioxidant and pigment contents with respect to crown position. The higher dry weight and area based contents of ascorbate and a-tocopherol in sun exposed leaves are consistent with their greater need for antioxidant protection [10].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…However, despite the economic importance of Fagus sylvatica only a few studies focused on seasonal and spatial changes of antioxidants and pigments [11,12,19,29,30]. Differences in the content of antioxidants and pigments of sun and shade leaves of Fagus sylvatica can be attributed to microclimatic differences within the canopy, the latter known to affect the specific leaf area [2,12,20,41]. Moreover, little information on age-related differences in leaf morphology and oxidative defense is available.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The influence of microclimate and tree age on the defense capacity of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) against oxidative stress

Wieser¹,

Hecke

Tausz

et al. 2003

Ann. For. Sci.

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-Microclimate and tree age have been suggested to be factors influencing the defense capacity against oxidative stress. Therefore, 5-year-old Fagus sylvatica seedlings were grown on a scaffolding in the sun and shade crown of 55-year-old trees throughout one growing season. Independent of tree age sun leaves had a lower specific leaf area, lower pigment contents and a more capacitive antioxidative system than shade leaves. In addition, in the sun crown leaves of seedlings displayed a higher specific leaf area than leaves of adult trees. Age dependent changes in leaf morphology were related to changes in the defense capacity against oxidative stress, with area based concentrations of antioxidants and pigments increasing with tree age. Thus our results suggest that differences in the response to oxidative stress may be attributed to age and crown position related differences in the specific leaf area, the latter influencing the biochemical and physiological performance of Fagus sylvatica leaves.Fagus sylvatica / tree age / exposure to light / antioxidative defense / specific leaf area Résumé -L'influence du microclimat et de l'âge de l'arbre sur la capacité défensive du hêtre européen (Fagus sylvatica L.) contre le stress oxidatif. Le microclimat et l'âge de l'arbre sont considerés comme des facteurs qui influencent la capacité défensive contre le stress oxidatif. Par conséquent, des plants de Fagus sylvatica de cinq ans ont grandi sur un échafaudage à la couronne des arbres âgés de 55 ans, une fois au soleil, une autre fois à l'ombre pendant une période de croissance. Indépendamment de l'âge de l'arbre, le feuillage exposé au soleil avait une surface spécifique de la feuille inférieure, un contenu de pigment inférieur et un système antioxidatif plus puissant que le feuillage à l'ombre. De plus, au niveau de la couronne la plus haute, le feuillage des plants a développé une surface spécifique plus élevée que celui des arbres adultes. Des transformations de morphologie du feuillage, qui dépendent de l'âge des feuilles, ont été comparées avec des transformations de la capacité contre le stress oxidatif. À cela la teneur en substances antioxidatives relative à la surface de la feuille a augmenté avec l'âge de l'arbre. Donc nos résultats suggèrent que les différences de réaction au stress oxidatif peuvent être attribuées aux différences de la surface spécifique de la feuille -dépendant de l'âge et de la position à la couronne -ce qui influence la performance biochimique et physiologique des feuilles du Fagus sylvatica.Fagus sylvatica / âge de l'arbre / exposition à la lumière / défense antioxidative / surface spécifique de la feuille / stress oxidatif

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The influence of microclimate and tree age on the defense capacity of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) against oxidative stress

Wieser¹,

Hecke

Tausz

et al. 2003

Ann. For. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…A standard 6 cm 2 of leaf area (projected) was enclosed in the leaf chamber. CO 2 concentration was kept at 385 ± 2 μmol mol −1 , saturating photosynthetically active radiation of beech was set to 1000 μmol m −2 s −1 (Masarovičová & Štefančík 1990) and temperature was set to 20 °C. Values were measured after short adaptation, after P N values had remained stable.…”

Section: Leaf Water Potential Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photosynthetic response of European beech to atmospheric and soil drought

Priwitzer¹,

Kurjak²,

Kmeť³

et al. 2014

Forestry Journal

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Physiological response of European beech under soil and atmospheric drought conditions was investigated in this study. A group of six beech trees was irrigated during the growing season 2012, while the second group of non-irrigated (control) beech trees was treated under natural soil drought. During the experiment, we observed more than 45-day long period when no precipitation fell on the soil surface. The relationship of P N (CO 2 assimilation rate) to g S (stomatal conductance) was very tight in both groups, which indicates that stomatal opening was the main factor limiting P N . The statistically significant differences in g S between the groups of trees were revealed only on the last measuring day. The significant differences in P N were confirmed on the days when the differences in soil water potential (Ψ S ) appeared. On these measurement days, the P N values of irrigated individuals were approximately 1.9 or 3.3 times greater than the values of non-irrigated individuals. At the level of primary photosynthetic processes (chlorophyll fluorescence parameters) we did not observe lower values of the control individuals in comparison with the irrigated trees in any of the evaluated parameters. Long-term soil water deficit caused strong decrease of leaf water potential (Ψ L ) in the control trees, but Ψ L values of the irrigated trees were also rather low due to diurnal dynamics in higher parts of crown. Close relationship between Ψ L and g S was confirmed for the control (non-irrigated) trees, but could not be confirmed for the irrigated trees. We revealed significant influence of VPD (vapour pressure deficit of the air) on g S only in the control group. On the days when Ψ S decreased, the stomata of the non-irrigated trees were closed in spite of the low VPD values. Almost complete stomatal closure in both groups of trees was caused by the increase of VPD to 1.2 kPa. Keywords: Fagus sylvatica; water deficit; vapour pressure deficit; leaf water potential; stomatal closure Abstrakt Príspevok sa zaoberá skúmaním fyziologických reakcií buka na atmosférické a pôdne sucho. Skupina šiestich bukov bola zavlažovaná počas vegetačnej sezóny 2012, pričom druhá skupina bukov (kontrola) bola ponechaná v prirodzených pôdnych vlahových podmienkach. Počas experimentu bola pozorovaná viac než 45 dní trvajúca perióda, kedy sa zrážková voda nedostala na povrch pôdy. Potvrdili sme silnú závislosť rýchlosti asimilácie (P N ) na prieduchovej vodivosti (g S ), čo dokazuje, že otvorenosť prieduchov bola hlavným limitujúcim faktorom priebehu asimilácie CO 2 . Štatisticky významné rozdiely g S medzi skupinami boli potvrdené len počas posledného merania. Významné rozdiely v P N sa potvrdili pre dni, v ktorých sme zistili výrazné rozdiely vo vodnom potenciáli pôdy (Ψ S ). Počas týchto dní boli priemerné hodnoty P N pre zalievané stromy 1,9, resp. 3,3-krát vyššie v porovnaní s nezavlažovanými jedincami. Na úrovni primárnych fotosyntetických procesov (parametre fluorescencie chlorofylu) sme nezistili nižšie hodnoty kontrolných jedin...

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