Some Features of Verbal-Logical Thinking in the Norm and in Schizotypic Disorder (Using the Example of the Fourth Extra Technique)

Abstract

Тhis article is devoted to the study of the features of thinking in modern subjects in the group of practical norms. Two interrelated problems were posed: using the modified classical pathopsychological technique " Fourth Extra" to analyze the features of thinking in a modern sample of healthy men and women in a wide age range from 17 to 70 years; The second task is to analyze the same features in a narrowly aged sample of patients with schizotypic disorder of adolescence (17-28 years). The results of the research showed that, in the modern sample, the character of the actualized features has changed, on the basis of which a generalization is made. An essential example: as the study showed, at the present time the criteria "edible-inedible", "animate-inanimate" became either less frequent, or lost the same significance as in the 1960s-1970s, when classical studies were conducted by T.K. Meleshko. Now the other functional signs of objects come to the fore: motion, size, texture, etc. Comparison of the data of healthy subjects and their peers with schizotypic disorder did not reveal significant differences in the standard score (based on new normative data) in the Fourth Extra technique. Apparently, this reflects a shift, primarily in the normative sample, in connection with the new social development situation. The obtained data require consideration when conducting diagnostic clinical and psychological research.

Features of voluntary attention of adult Internet users

“…Nonetheless, there are already detected differences in the thinking processes of adults and adolescents, especially in categorization and classification. 23,24 According to Lev Vygotsky, a word is the leading mediator, in other words, a cultural sign that allows a subject to "master" his natural functions. It is the word that breaks the unity between perception and action, which is inherent in the primitive structures of the psyche.…”

The Method of “Object Exclusion”: Age Standards and Diagnostic Value for Neuropsychological Assessment of Children aged 4-17 years

“…XX в. изменился характер актуализируемых признаков, на основании которых делается обобщение в норме. Коэффициенты стандартности ответов у пациентов юношеского возраста с шизотипическим расстройством и их здоровых сверстников значимо не различаются (Kobzova, Zvereva, & Shchelokova, 2018). В исследовании А. Ю. Паршукова с соавторами показано, что у больных шизофренией действительно увеличивается доля обобщений на основе латентных признаков, однако при патологии мышления имеет место «неоднородная динамика "разрушения" различных типов обобщения» (Parshukov, Chebakova, Kharisova, & Kuznetsova, 2016).…”