Some periodontal tissue reactions to orthodontic tooth movement in monkeys

Abstract

The purpose of the experiment reported was to study soft tissue changes at teeth which were orthodontically moved into areas with varying thickness and quality of periodontal tissues. The maxillary central incisors and first premolars in 5 adult monkeys were used as experimental teeth. 6 months prior to the start of the orthodontic treatment phase, the maxillary second premolars were extracted. By surgical means, areas with varying width of the keratinized gingiva were established in the incisor and premolar region. Following a clinical baseline examination which involved assessments of gingival width, location of the gingival margin in relation to cemento-enamel junction and probing attachment level, fixed orthodontic appliances were inserted in order to bodily move the two contral incisors in labial direction through the alveolar bone envelope and the first premolars in distal direction into contact with the first molars. Orthodontic forces were applied for a period of 3-4 months. The lateral incisors and first molars were selected as non-moved control teeth. After the experimental teeth had been retained in their new positions for 1 month, the clinical examination was repeated. Tissue blocks containing test and control specimens were subsequently dissected and prepared for microscopic analysis. The analysis included histometric assessments of loss of connective tissue attachment and height of alveolar bone. The results showed that at every second labially moved incisor, the gingival margin had become displaced in apical direction. The degree of displacement, however, was small and only at 2 teeth accompanied by loss of connective tissue attachment. Throughout the study, these particular teeth also showed obvious signs of gingival inflammation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Morphologic evaluation of the incisive canal and its proximity to the maxillary central incisors using computed tomography images

“…[6][7][8][9][10] Ackerman and Proffit introduced the concept of the "envelope of discrepancy," which graphically shows the extent of changes possible with orthodontic tooth movement alone, with orthopedic or functional appliance therapy for growth modification, and with orthognathic surgery in combination with orthodontic treatment. 7,11 Accordingly, it is traditionally thought that the amount of changes possible for the maxillary incisors with orthodontic treatment alone are approximately 7, 2, 4, and 2 mm for retraction, protraction, extrusion, and intrusion, respectively.…”

Comparison of Dentofacial and Periodontal Effects of Rapid and Semi-rapid Maxillary Expansion

“…There is a positive correlation between buccal movement of teeth and bone dehiscence. (32) concluded that buccal tooth movement can increase the distance between BACL and cement-enamel junction. In our study, BACL increased statistically significantly in both groups that means a decrease in crestal level.…”

Effects of Hyperbaric Oxygen during Experimental Tooth Movement

“…[20][21][22][23][24][25] As a result, mediators that are effective in bone resorption and osteoclastic activity are excreted. 26 The application of force mechanics may lead to the risk of trauma, edema, and infection. To eliminate these probabilities, one dose of prophylactic antibiotic was administered to all rats.…”