Some relations among fall cone penetration, liquidity index and undrained shear strength of clays considering the sensitivity ratio

Shimobe, Satoru; Spagnoli, Giovanni

doi:10.1007/s10064-019-01478-2

Cited by 26 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Liquid limit (𝐿𝐿) is defined as the minimum water content of the soil at which the soil behaves like a viscous fluid or in other words, it is the boundary limit water content value where the shear strength of soil is approximately zero. In the last five decades, several researchers (Wroth and Wood 1978;Whyte 1982;Federico 1983;Leroueil et al 1983;Locat and Demers 1988;Hirata et al 1990;Terzaghi et al 1996;Shimobe 2000;Yılmaz 2000;Koumoto and Houlsby 2001;NGI 2002;Hong et al 2003;Lee 2004;Trauner et al 2005;Yang et al 2006;Berilgen et al 2007;Edil et al 2009;Vinod et al 2013;Vardanega and Haigh 2014;Kayabalı et al 2015;Kang et al 2017;Kuriakose et al 2017;Spagnoli and Feinendegen 2017;Ullah et al 2017;Chacko and Jacob 2018;Sharma and Sridharan 2018;Karakan et al 2020;Budak et al 2022) have investigated the correlation of obtained undrained shear strength of the remolded soil with liquidity index (𝐿𝐼) (Eq. 1) or water content ratio (𝑊𝐶𝑅) (Eq.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several researchers (Skempton and Northey 1952;Sherwood and Ryley 1970;Wroth and Wood 1978;Federico 1983;Leroueil et al 1983;Harison 1988;Locat and Demers 1988;Hirata et al 1990;Feng 2000;Shimobe 2000;Winters 2000;Yılmaz 2000;Koumoto and Houlsby 2001;Hong et al 2003;Sharma and Bora 2003;Lee 2004;Trauner et al 2005;Yang et al 2006;Berilgen et al 2007;Edil et al 2009;Zentar et al 2009;Kayabalı and Tüfenkçi 2010;Tanaka et al 2012;Vinod et al 2013;Vardanega and Haigh 2014;Kayabalı et al 2015;Shi and Herle 2015;Akan et al 2017;Kang et al 2017;Kuriakose et al 2017;Spagnoli and Feinendegen 2017;Ullah et al 2017;Chacko and Jacob 2018;Sharma and Sridharan 2018;Yasun 2018;Gülen and Kılıç 2020;Hutabarat and Widjaja 2020;Karakan et al 2020;Budak et al 2022) investigated the effect of the water content, liquidity index and water content ratio on the undrained shear strength of the remolded soil using different type of laboratory test methods. Karakan et al (2020) prepared clay-sand mixture of two different types of clays (kaolin and calciummontmorillon...…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prediction of the Undrained Shear Strength of the Remolded Soil with Non-Linear Regression, Fuzzy Logic and Artificial Neural Network

Yünkül

KARAÇOR

Gürbüz

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The aim of this study is to predict the undrained shear strength (Cu) of the remolded soil samples and for this purpose, non-linear regression (NLR) analyses, fuzzy logic (FL) and artificial neural network (ANN) modelling were used to assess. Total 1306 undrained shear strength results of soil types of CH, CL, MH and ML from 230 different remolded soil test settings on 21 publications were collected while six different measurement devices were used by researchers. Although water content, plastic limit and liquid limit were used as input parameters for FL and ANN modelling, liquidity index or water content ratio were considered as input parameter for NLR analyses. In NLR analyses, 12 different regression equations were derived for prediction of Cu. Feed-Forward backpropagation and TANSIG transfer function were used for ANN modelling while Mamdani inference system was preferred with trapezoidal and triangular membership function for FL modelling. The experimental results of 914 tests for training of the ANN models, 196 for validation and 196 for testing were used. It was observed that the accuracy of the ANN and FL modellings were higher than NRL analyses. Furthermore, the simple and reliable regression equation was proposed for assessments of Cu values having higher coefficient of determination values (R2).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of the Undrained Shear Strength of the Remolded Soil with Non-Linear Regression, Fuzzy Logic and Artificial Neural Network

Yünkül

KARAÇOR

Gürbüz

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Some of such attempts include the works of Towner (1973), Campbell (1976Campbell ( , 1983, Wood and Wroth (1978), Campbell et al (1980), Feng (2000Feng ( , 2001, Belviso et al (1985), Rao (1987), Harison (1988), Sharma and Bora (2003), Feng (2004aFeng ( , 2004b, Al-Dahlaki and Al-Sharify (2008), Rashid et al (2008), Lee and Freeman (2009), Sivakumar et al (2009), andSivakumar et al (2014). Shimobe (2010), using various types of cones, concluded that the "extended" fall cone method is capable of simultaneously determining both the liquid and plastic limits. He further stated that the fall cone test can also be used to determine the liquidity index as a state quantity, the undrained shear strength, and sensitivity of soils in terms of the cone penetration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Atterberg Limits using the vane shear test method

KAYABALI,

NAGARAJ,

YILMAZ

et al. 2023

Bull.Min.Res.Exp.

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Atterberg limits are important index parameters used to classify soils for various engineering applications. Engineering properties of soils are predicted through simple correlations with index properties and thereby the engineering behavior of soils are qualitatively assessed. There are two popular methods of determining liquid limit, and plastic limit is commonly determined adopting rolling thread methods. To avoid operator related variations in determining plastic limit by conventional method, some researchers have explored using cone method as an alternative. However, there is no consensus about the depth of penetration to reckon the end of plastic state. Though various other test methods have been developed to determine plastic limit (like roll plate device), cone penetration with its limitation of determining plastic limit, is the only method to determine both liquid and plastic limit of soils. Since laboratory vane shear test is a simple and reliable method of determining undrained strength of fine-grained soils, the authors have explored to determine both liquid and plastic limits through correlations developed between undrained strength and water content over a range of consistencies between liquid and plastic states. This would eliminate determining liquid and plastic limit separately without sacrificing the reliability of results.

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“…Many researchers [27,28] in the literature performed studies to obtain the plastic limit using results of the Fallcone method. Nevertheless, some researchers [5,6,29,30] attempted to recover the plastic limit by fixing the ratio of strength in the plastic limit to the liquid limit at a certain value, which ranged between 70 and 100.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Analysis of Atterberg Limits, Liquidity Index, Flow Index and Undrained Shear Strength Behavior in Binary Clay Mixtures

Karakan¹

2022

Preprint

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In geotechnical engineering applications, it is very important to obtain the undrained shear strength of remolded soils accurately and reliably. This study aims to obtain a trustworthy solution to determine the undrained shear strength of remolded clay mixtures using Atterberg limit test results in various states of consistency. An experimental study was carried out involving a wide range of clay mixtures of varying plasticity and geological origin. In the analyses, the variation of the remolded undrained shear strength depending on the cone penetration depth, water content, flow index, liquidity index and log liquidity index were investigated. In the study, the highest undrained shear strength of 100% Na-montmorillonite (NaM) was obtained at 171.89 kPa at 56.60% water content, while the lowest undrained shear strength was obtained for 100% Sepiolite (S), 9.28 kPa at 31.65% water content. The results of this study revealed that the shear strength is significantly affected by soil conditions, rather than dominant clay mineral. Besides, it was observed that the undrained shear strength at the plastic limit was approximately 30-35 times greater than that at liquid limit. The equations of liquid limit-flow index and plasticity index- flow index were proposed. It was concluded that the interdependence between undrained shear strength, liquidity index, log liquidity index, and flow index is not unique due to the different physical and chemical properties of clays.

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Some relations among fall cone penetration, liquidity index and undrained shear strength of clays considering the sensitivity ratio

Cited by 26 publications

References 45 publications

Prediction of the Undrained Shear Strength of the Remolded Soil with Non-Linear Regression, Fuzzy Logic and Artificial Neural Network

Prediction of the Undrained Shear Strength of the Remolded Soil with Non-Linear Regression, Fuzzy Logic and Artificial Neural Network

Determination of Atterberg Limits using the vane shear test method

Comparative Analysis of Atterberg Limits, Liquidity Index, Flow Index and Undrained Shear Strength Behavior in Binary Clay Mixtures

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