Sonochemical synthesis and crystal structure of indium(III) complex as a modifier for electrochemical simultaneous determination of dopamine and acetylcholine

Abstract

A novel mixed‐ligand complex of [In(Me‐phen)Cl3(DMSO)](1) was acquired and specified via spectral approaches (IR, UV–Vis, 1H‐NMR, and luminescence), thermal evaluation such as thermogravimetric, differential thermal analyses, and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. In this study, we have also reported the nanosize of [In(Me‐phen)Cl3(DMSO)](1) that has been synthesized via the sonochemical process. Characterization of nanoparticle(1) was carried out via X‐ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The sample size assembled via the sonochemical approach was approximately 20 nm. Also, a novel screen‐printed electrode modified with indium nanocomplex (In NC/SPE) was developed. An electrochemical examination of the adjusted electrode in addition to its efficiency in dopamine electro‐oxidation is explained. It was proven that dopamine oxidation at adjusted electrode surface takes place at 150 mV potential less positive compared to an unadjusted screen‐printed electrode. The relevant detection limit for dopamine was 2.0 × 10−7 M via differential pulse voltammetry. Moreover, the adjusted electrode was utilized to simultaneously determine dopamine and acetylcholine. Lastly, the adjusted electrode was utilized to determine dopamine and acetylcholine within real specimens.