Soot formation in methane-oxygen flames

D’Alessio, Antonio; Lorenzo, A. Di; Sarofim, Adel F.; Beretta, F.; Masi, S.; Venitozzi, C.

doi:10.1016/s0082-0784(75)80401-2

Cited by 65 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The extinction and scattering of the polarized He-Ne beam by the cloud of particles provide the needed data (D'Alessio et al, 1975), by the following methodology.…”

Section: Experimental Apparatus and Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the visible region of the spectrum, the complex index of refraction (m = n -ik) varies strongly with wavelength, temperature, and degree of crystallinity (Dash and Newman, 1955;Kuhl et al, 1974;Janai and Karlson, 1979). Since the powders being studied are changing temperature rapidly, and perhaps crystallizing as they grow, a series of calculations were performed using various possible values of m.…”

Section: Experimental Apparatus and Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Powder Temperature, Size, and Number Density in Laser-Driven Reactions

Flint

Marra

Haggerty

1986

Aerosol Science and Technology

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“…The extinction and scattering of the polarized He-Ne beam by the cloud of particles provide the needed data (D'Alessio et al, 1975), by the following methodology.…”

Section: Experimental Apparatus and Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experimental Apparatus and Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Powder Temperature, Size, and Number Density in Laser-Driven Reactions

Flint

Marra

Haggerty

1986

Aerosol Science and Technology

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“…Ein sehr weit verbreitetes Adsorptionsverfahren zur Bestimmung der Oberfläche ist die Methode von B R U - [9] oder als dynamische Lichtstreuung (DLS) [10]. Mit der DLS wird z.…”

Section: Abbildungunclassified

Prozesskontrolle bei der Synthese nanoskaliger Partikel

Sommer¹,

Dankers

Leipertz

2005

Chemie Ingenieur Technik

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Um den Einfluss unterschiedlicher Prozessparameter bei der großtechnischen Nanopartikelsynthese auf die Bildungs‐ und Wachstumskinetik besser verstehen und kontrollieren zu können, ist es notwendig, neben anderen Produkteigenschaften vor allem die Primärpartikelgröße des jeweiligen Stoffsystems online und in situ zu bestimmen. Eine hierfür geeignete Messmethode stellt prinzipiell die zeitaufgelöste laserinduzierte Glühtechnik (TIRE‐LII) dar, deren Anwendbarkeit zur Nanopartikelcharakterisierung an den verschiedensten großtechnischen Produktionsreaktoren aufgezeigt werden soll. Neben der Prozesskontrolle von Industrierußen soll auch das Potenzial der Messtechnik zur Charakterisierung anderer Nanopartikel näher betrachtet und diskutiert werden. Hierfür wurden sowohl Untersuchungen an einem Niederdruckverdampfungs‐ als auch an einem CO2‐Laserverdampfungsreaktor für unterschiedliche Metalle und Metalloxide durchgeführt.

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“…Most studies use a monodisperse particulate [4,7,9,22). Size measurements in premixed flames (23] and previous studies here llO] suggest a Gamma distribution [24J with the constraint of a specified ratio of standard deviation to mean particle radius, ~/rm = 1/2, as a reasonable functional form.…”

Section: Size Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 in terms of a non-dimensional extinction coefficient, (6) for the four wavelengths used in the experiment. The parameter 0( = 2.ITr/:x describes the interaction of radiation at wavelength A with a particle of radius r. In the small particle absorption limit, o(al, t" is independent of the size distribution and the ratio of two different wavelength ~IS becomes (7) where the optical properties information is all contained in • In the large particle limit, .,t..»1, Q -2 and ti/lj .. 1. Thus, the norma1ized'extinction coefficient ratio [1~,…”

Section: Size Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Particulate in Small Pool Fire Flames

Bard

Pagni

1981

Journal of Heat Transfer

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Flame radiation, the dominant heat transfer mechanism in many combustion and fire safety related problems, is primarily controlled by the fraction of flame volume occupied by solid carbon particulate. A multi-wavelength laser transmission technique is used here to measure carbon particulate volume fractions and approximate particle size distributions in ten common solid, cellular and liquid fueled small scale, 0 (10 cm dia), pool fire diffusion flames. The most probable particle radius, rmax, and concentration, N0, are two parameters in the assumed gamma function size distribution form which are determined for each fuel by simultaneously measuring light transmission of two superimposed laser wavelengths. The resulting soot volume fractions range from fv ∼ 4 × 10−6 for cellular polystyrene to fv ∼ 7 × 10−8 for alcohol. Cellular polystyrene has the largest particles, rmax ∼ 60 nm while wood has the smallest, rmax ∼ 20 nm. The carbon particulate optical properties used in the analysis are shown to be representative of actual flame soot and are more accurate than the soot refractive index usually assumed in the literature. Finally, mean particle sizes obtained for all fuels indicate that the small particle absorption limit assumption is a reasonable approximation for infrared flame radiation calculations.

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Soot formation in methane-oxygen flames

Cited by 65 publications

References 6 publications

Powder Temperature, Size, and Number Density in Laser-Driven Reactions

Powder Temperature, Size, and Number Density in Laser-Driven Reactions

Prozesskontrolle bei der Synthese nanoskaliger Partikel

Carbon Particulate in Small Pool Fire Flames

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