Sorghum head bug infestation and mould infection on the grain quality of sorghum in northern Ghana

Aheto, J.H.; Eziah, Vincent Y.; Atokple, I. D. K.; Opare-Obuobi, K.

doi:10.4314/acsj.v25i3.8

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 15 publications

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“…However, the best documented example concerns sorghum panicle-feeding MB (mainly Eurystylus oldi)/ grain mold (Figs. 1b and 4a and b) in West and Central Africa (Aheto et al 2017;Marley and Malgwi 1999;Ratnadass et al 1995;Ratnadass et al 2003a).…”

Section: This Specific Aspect (Dissemination Of Fungal Pathogens) Was Partially Reviewed By Wheeler Jr (2001) There Are Several Examples mentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-way interactions between crop plants, phytopathogenic fungi, and mirid bugs. A review

Ratnadass¹,

Deguine

2020

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

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Miridae is the largest Heteroptera family, with a tremendous worldwide economic impact, both as pests and natural enemies. Unlike most Hemiptera, herbivorous and omnivorous mirid bugs are lacerate/macerate and flush feeders, not phloem feeders. Plant responses to damage by arthropods of this feeding guild therefore occur via jasmonic acid or ethylene signaling pathways rather than the salicylic acid pathway. Moreover, unlike most other Heteroptera that lay eggs on the plant surface, mirids insert their eggs in plant tissues, resulting in oviposition injury. Similarly, regarding phytopathogenic fungi and oomycetes, a distinction should be made between biotrophic fungi (triggering the salicylic acid pathway plant response), and necrotrophic and/or hemibiotrophic fungi or oomycetes (triggering jasmonic acid or ethylene pathway plant responses). In that respect, phytopathogenic fungi or oomycetes (PFO) differ from phytopathogenic viruses and bacteria, the former being all biotrophic while the latter are theoretically hemibiotrophic. Here, for the first time, we review tripartite interactions between mirids, PFO, and crop plants. The major deliverables are as follows: Five major interaction frameworks are identified: (i) crop plant infection by PFO mechanically facilitated by prior mirid infestation; (ii) crop plant infection by PFO hampered by prior mirid infestation via crop plant signaling; (iii) crop plant infestation by mirids facilitated by prior PFO infection via crop plant signaling; (iv) crop plant infestation by mirids hampered by prior PFO infection via crop plant signaling; (v) crop plant infestation by mirids and/or infection by PFO hampered by prior mirid infestation and/or PFO infection via crop plant resource quality alteration. PFO and mirids may also occur concomitantly, favored by the same conditions, i.e., climatic or linked to endogeneous factors (e.g., redox status) in crop plant. Instances from each framework are described, and highlighted interactions are examined in view of managing mirid-PFO complexes on crop plants.

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Section: This Specific Aspect (Dissemination Of Fungal Pathogens) Was Partially Reviewed By Wheeler Jr (2001) There Are Several Examples mentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-way interactions between crop plants, phytopathogenic fungi, and mirid bugs. A review

Ratnadass¹,

Deguine

2020

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

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Panicle compactness along with abiotic factors influence the abundance of earhead feeding insect pests of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]

Saini,

Kumar,

Chauhan

et al. 2024

Int J Trop Insect Sci

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Effects of insecticides and cultivars on panicle-feeding insect pest infestations and grain yield of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) in northern Ghana

Nboyine¹,

Opare-Obuobi²,

Yahaya³

et al. 2021

Bull Natl Res Cent

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Background Panicle-feeding insects are a challenge in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) cultivation but most farmers do not protect the crop. Here, the effects of pest management in different sorghum cultivars on grain yields and the financial returns after protecting the crop from panicle-feeding insects was studied. Results There were significant insecticide treatments × cultivars/genotypes interaction effects for Stenodiplosis sorghicola, Clavigralla tomentosicollis, Nezara viridula, Dysdercus fasciantus and Riptortus dentipes. Generally, pest infestations were higher in the untreated control compared to K-Optimal- or NSO-treated sorghum. Infestations were also higher in compact-headed cultivars (Dorado and Kapaala) compared to those with open heads (CSSOR 08-V01 and CSSOR 10-V07). Damage was approximately 1.7-fold higher in the untreated controls than in NSO or K-Optimal. Grain yields were about 14% higher in NSO or K-Optimal treated sorghum than in controls. Gross margins were between 16- and 35-fold higher in protected sorghum compared to the untreated ones. Conclusion These findings suggest that an effective integrated pest management strategy for sorghum farmers must comprise cultivars that do not have compact heads, and the use of about two sprays of NSO or a synthetic pyrethroid when high numbers of panicle-feeding insects are observed during the growing season. Judicious use of insecticides and the “right” cultivar will improve the profitability of sorghum farmers with gross marginal returns that are at least 15-fold higher than that obtained by farmers who adopt only good agronomic practices without insecticide sprays.

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Sorghum head bug infestation and mould infection on the grain quality of sorghum in northern Ghana

Cited by 3 publications

References 15 publications

Three-way interactions between crop plants, phytopathogenic fungi, and mirid bugs. A review

Three-way interactions between crop plants, phytopathogenic fungi, and mirid bugs. A review

Panicle compactness along with abiotic factors influence the abundance of earhead feeding insect pests of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]

Effects of insecticides and cultivars on panicle-feeding insect pest infestations and grain yield of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) in northern Ghana

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