Source estimation of the tsunami later phases associated with the 2022 Hunga Tonga volcanic eruption

Mizutani, Ayumu; Yomogida, Kiyoshi

doi:10.1093/gji/ggad174

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 40 publications

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“…[3,[17][18][19]. The records received by the DONET system on 15 January 2022 have also been analyzed in a number of papers [20][21][22][23]. Note that the data on bottom pressure variations obtained by the DONET observatories compare favorably with the DART data by a significantly higher sampling rate (10 Hz).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interpretation of Signals Recorded by Ocean-Bottom Pressure Gauges during the Passage of Atmospheric Lamb Wave on 15 January 2022

2023

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The eruption of the Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha’apai volcano on 15 January 2022 was the first powerful explosive eruption in history to be recorded with high quality by a wide range of geophysical equipment. The atmospheric Lamb wave caused by the explosion repeatedly circled the Earth and served as one of the reasons for the formation of tsunami waves. In this paper, the Lamb wave manifestations are analyzed in the recordings of tsunamimeters, i.e., in data from DONET and DART pressure sensors located in the area of the Japanese Islands. The work is aimed at studying the physics of the formation of pressure variations at the ocean floor in order to develop a method for isolating free gravity waves in records obtained by bottom pressure sensors. Within the framework of shallow water theory, an analysis of the response of the water layer to the atmospheric Lamb wave was performed. This response combines a forced perturbation, the amplitude of which depends on the depth of the ocean, and free gravity waves arising as a result of the restructuring of the forced perturbation on the submarine slopes. Analytical formulas are given for the amplitude and energy of the forced perturbation and free waves arising at the depth jump. With the aid of numerical simulation, the finite length of a slope was revealed to significantly affect the parameters of free waves when exceeding 50 km. The analysis of in situ data (DONET, DART) confirms the validity of theoretical concepts presented in the work. In particular, it is shown that variations of bottom pressure in the deep ocean exceed the amplitude of atmospheric pressure fluctuations in the Lamb wave.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interpretation of Signals Recorded by Ocean-Bottom Pressure Gauges during the Passage of Atmospheric Lamb Wave on 15 January 2022

2023

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Quantifying the Ocean Coupling of Air Waves, and Why DART Data Reporting Can Be Deceptive

Okal

2024

Pure Appl. Geophys.

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Modeling the 2022 Tonga Eruption Tsunami Recorded on Ocean Bottom Pressure and Tide Gauges Around the Pacific

Fujii,

Satake

2024

Pure Appl. Geophys.

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Tsunamis generated by the Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha’apai volcanic eruption on January 15, 2022 were recorded on ocean bottom pressure and tide gauges around the Pacific Ocean, earlier than the expected arrival times calculated by tsunami propagation speed. Atmospheric waves from the eruption were also recorded globally with propagation speeds of ~ 310 m/s (Lamb wave) and 200–250 m/s (Pekeris wave). Previous studies have suggested that these propagating atmospheric waves caused at least the initial part of the observed tsunami. We simulated the tsunamis generated by the propagation of the Lamb and Pekeris waves by adding concentric atmospheric pressure changes. The concentric sources are parameterized by their propagation speeds, initial atmospheric wave amplitudes that decay with the distance, and a rise time. For the Lamb wave, inversions of the observed tsunami waveforms at 14 U.S. and nine New Zealand DART stations indicate the start of the positive rise at 4:16 UTC, the peak amplitude of 383 hPa, and the propagation speed of 310 m/s, assuming a rise time of 10 min. The later phases of the observed tsunami waveforms can be better reproduced by adding another propagating concentric wave (Pekeris wave) with a negative amplitude (− 50 hPa) and propagation speeds of 200–250 m/s. The DART records around the Pacific indicate that the Pekeris wave speed is faster toward the northwest and slightly slower toward the northeast. The synthetic waveforms roughly reproduced the far-field tsunami waveforms recorded at tide gauge stations, including the later phases, suggesting that the large amplitude in the later phase may be due to the coupling of the Pekeris wave and the tsunami, as well as resonance around tide gauge stations.

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Source estimation of the tsunami later phases associated with the 2022 Hunga Tonga volcanic eruption

Cited by 6 publications

References 40 publications

Interpretation of Signals Recorded by Ocean-Bottom Pressure Gauges during the Passage of Atmospheric Lamb Wave on 15 January 2022

Interpretation of Signals Recorded by Ocean-Bottom Pressure Gauges during the Passage of Atmospheric Lamb Wave on 15 January 2022

Quantifying the Ocean Coupling of Air Waves, and Why DART Data Reporting Can Be Deceptive

Modeling the 2022 Tonga Eruption Tsunami Recorded on Ocean Bottom Pressure and Tide Gauges Around the Pacific

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