Source-specific lung cancer risk assessment of ambient PM2.5-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in central Tehran

Taghvaee, Sina; Sowlat, Mohammad H.; Hassanvand, Mohammad Sadegh; Yunesian, Masud; Naddafi, Kazem; Sioutas, Constantinos

doi:10.1016/j.envint.2018.08.003

Cited by 155 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 104 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Previous coarse PM source apportionment studies have also reported a similar trend of higher mineral dust contributions during the warm season [98,99]. The seasonal trends of this factor further substantiate the dominance of soil origin rather than industry, since industrial emissions have higher contributions during cold season due to the more stable atmosphere and limited atmospheric dispersion that prevail during that season [50]. [101,102].…”

Section: Factor 2: Soil and Industrysupporting

confidence: 70%

“…[39,41,45]. Therefore, both of the sampling sites of this study are exposed to all of the abovementioned sources, as identified by our previous PM 2.5 source apportionment study [46,50] at the same sampling sites. In addition, considering that the vast majority of the Tehran population lives in/near the city center [39], it can be argued that our sampling sites properly represent the population exposure to major sources of air pollution in the metropolitan area of Tehran.…”

Section: Sampling Sites Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Furthermore, residential oil combustion, gasoline, and diesel-powered vehicles had moderate to high correlations with the PM 2.5 associated oxidative potential in Tehran, measured by means of the Dichlorofluorescin (DCFH) in vitro assay [49]. More recently, carcinogenic PM 2.5 -bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were found to mostly originate from various sources including petroleum residue, residential heating and biomass burning, industry, diesel, and gasoline exhaust, with approximately equal contributions of each factor to the total PAHs concentrations [50]. Despite the abovementioned studies on PM 2.5 source apportionment in Tehran, to the best of our knowledge, no coarse PM source apportionment studies have been conducted in this city.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Sources and Temporal Variations of Coarse Particulate Matter (PM) in Central Tehran, Iran

et al. 2019

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this study, we used the positive matrix factorization (PMF) model to evaluate the sources of ambient coarse particulate matter (PM) and their temporal variations in two sampling sites, i.e., a school dormitory and a retirement home, located in central Tehran. 24-h ambient PM samples were collected using low-volume air samplers from May 2012 to June 2013. The collected filters were analyzed for their chemical components, including water-soluble ions, metals, and trace elements, which were used as the input to the PMF model. Our results indicated annual averages of 45.7 ± 3.8 µg/m 3 and 36.2. ± 4.0 µg/m 3 for coarse PM at the School dormitory and Tohid retirement home, respectively. Moreover, higher ambient coarse PM mass concentrations were observed in the warm season (53.3 ± 5.8 µg/m 3 for school dormitory and 43.1 ± 6.1 µg/m 3 for Tohid retirement home) as opposed to the cold season (41.4 ± 4.7 µg/m 3 for school dormitory and 28.7 ± 4.6 µg/m 3 for Tohid retirement home). Our PMF analysis also identified road dust, soil, and industry, and atmospherically processed coarse PM as the three sources of ambient coarse PM in central Tehran. Road dust, soil, and industry were the major sources of ambient coarse PM, contributing respectively to 74 ± 9% and 19 ± 2% of the total coarse PM mass concentration, while atmospherically aged aerosols had a rather minimal contribution of 7 ± 1% to total coarse PM mass concentration. The temporal trends of the resolved factors also revealed higher contributions of road dust to total ambient coarse PM during warm season as opposed to cold season, due to the increased resuspension rate from road surfaces as a result of higher wind speeds, and temperatures, combined with lower relative humidity. Similarly, higher resuspension rate of mechanically originated particulates resulted in higher warm-season time contributions of the soil factor. Results of this study clearly revealed the key role of road dust and non-tail pipe emissions on ambient coarse PM mass concentrations in crowded areas of central Tehran, and have important implications on the potential health impacts that can be caused by these difficult to mitigate sources of coarse PM.

show abstract

Section: Factor 2: Soil and Industrysupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: Sampling Sites Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Sources and Temporal Variations of Coarse Particulate Matter (PM) in Central Tehran, Iran

et al. 2019

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…According to the heating time in Tangshan, the heating period lasts from 15 November to 15 March, and the other months are grouped into the non-heating period. The study was conducted in October 2014 (non-heating period) and November to December 2014 (heating period) in Tangshan (117 • 31 -119 • 19 E, 38 • 55 -40 • 28 N), Hebei province ( Figure 1).…”

Section: Study Site and Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The 95% risk values of adults exceeded 10 −4 during the heating periods, indicating a potential health risk from PAHs. region, the heating periods are characterized by high coal consumption, low temperature, and inversion [15]. These factors can delay the decomposition and spread of PAHs.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

PM2.5-Bound Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons: Sources and Health Risk during Non-Heating and Heating Periods (Tangshan, China)

Fang

Zhang

Hao

et al. 2020

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) may lead to adverse health risks. To understand the potential sources and carcinogenic risks of PAHs in Tangshan, 40 PM2.5 samples were collected for analysis of eighteen PM2.5-bound PAHs during non-heating period and heating period. The results display a significant variation. The median concentration of ∑18PAHs during the heating period (282 ng/m3) was higher than during the non-heating period (185 ng/m3). Especially, the median concentration of Benzopyrene (BaP) during the heating period (61.6 ng/m3) was 16.9-fold that during the non-heating period (3.64 ng/m3). It exceeded BaP annual average limit of China (1 ng/m3). Diagnostic ratios (DRs) and principal component analysis (PCA) both indicated that vehicle emissions and coal and biomass combustion were the dominant contributors of PAHs pollution in Tangshan. The incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) of three age groups (children, teenagers, and adults) ranged from 2.56 × 10−6 to 5.26 × 10−5 during the entire sampling periods. The 95% risk values of adults exceeded 10−4 during the heating periods, indicating a potential health risk from PAHs.

show abstract

Wet deposition of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in a remote area of Central South China from 2014 to 2017

Li,

Duan

2023

Atmospheric Science Letters

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In recent years, there has been a notable increase in the consumption of fossil energy, leading to a significant rise in environmental pollution, particularly in China due to its rapid development. This has resulted in the frequent occurrence of large‐scale fog and haze weather, highlighting the urgent need for environmental protection measures. To gain insights into the atmospheric conditions in China, an analysis was conducted on the wet deposition of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in a remote region of Central South China from 2014 to 2017. The study revealed that the average concentrations and peak values of Ʃ16PAHs in 2014 and 2015 were considerably higher than those observed in 2016 and 2017. Furthermore, it was found that five‐ring PAH species were the predominant components during 2014 and 2015, indicating a shift in the main sources of PAHs. The peaks of Ʃ16PAHs were predominantly detected in samples collected during light rain in the winter, specifically on days without heavy rainfall. This can be attributed to the absence of heavy rain, which would otherwise reduce the concentration of air pollutants. Consequently, contaminants accumulated in the air are easily enriched in rainwater. The concentrations of Ʃ15Alkyl‐PAHs also exhibited a significant correlation with the number of rainfall days. Notably, a much higher annual average concentration of Ʃ15Alkyl‐PAHs was observed in 2017, which experienced fewer rainfall days. Coal combustion, petroleum sources, and vehicular emissions accounted for 58%, 12%, and 30% of the PAHs in the air, respectively. Despite improvements in air quality in China since 2016, it is crucial to address the elevated concentrations of PAHs in the atmosphere, particularly under adverse meteorological conditions characterized by reduced rainfall.

show abstract

Source-specific lung cancer risk assessment of ambient PM2.5-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in central Tehran

Cited by 155 publications

References 104 publications

Sources and Temporal Variations of Coarse Particulate Matter (PM) in Central Tehran, Iran

Sources and Temporal Variations of Coarse Particulate Matter (PM) in Central Tehran, Iran

PM2.5-Bound Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons: Sources and Health Risk during Non-Heating and Heating Periods (Tangshan, China)

Wet deposition of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in a remote area of Central South China from 2014 to 2017

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About