Sources and ecological risk assessment of PAHs in surface sediments from Bohai Sea and northern part of the Yellow Sea, China

Distribution and ecological risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water, suspended particulate matter and sediment from Daliao River estuary and the adjacent area, China

“…The results showed that the observed levels of PAHs in the industrial zone will eventually cause acute biological damage. Li et al (2015) investigated the ecological risk of PAHs in surface sediments from Bohai Sea and northern part of the Yellow Sea. Analysis with SQGs indicated that Acy, Fl, Phe, Flu, Pyr and DBA may occasionally cause adverse biological effects in some stations.…”

Aliphatic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons risk assessment in coastal water and sediments of Khark Island, SW Iran

“…In order to evaluate the combined ecological risk and toxicity levels of contaminants, M-ERM-Q, M-PEL-Q, Toxicity Equivalents (TEQ) and Mutagenic Equivalents (MEQ) analysis were also used as follow (Durant et al, 1996;Kapsimalis et al, 2014;Li et al, 2015a;Li et al, 2015b;Zhou et al, 2014):…”

“…Where, C i is the concentration of the compound i in a sediment sample, ERM i , and PEL i is the ERM and PEL for compound i, and n is the num- (Kapsimalis et al, 2014;Li et al, 2015a;Zhou et al, 2014). The TEF i and MEF i are toxic and mutagenic equivalency factor for i PAH, respectively.…”

“…The TEF i and MEF i are toxic and mutagenic equivalency factor for i PAH, respectively. The used TEF were: 0.001 for Nap, Ace, Flo, Phe, Flu, Chr, BeP and Pyr, 0.01 for Ant, BghiP, BkF, 0.1 for BaA, BbF, InP, and 1.00 for BaP and DahA (Kapsimalis et al, 2014;Li et al, 2015a;Mehdinia et al, 2015;Sarria-Villa et al, 2016;Thompson and Nathanail, 2009). In addition, the used MEF were: 0.082, 0.02, 0.25, 0.11, 1.00, 0.31, 0.29 and 0.19 for BaA, Chr, BbF, BkF, BaP, InP, DBahA and BghiP, respectively (Durant et al, 1996;Li et al, 2014b).…”

“…Recently and due to rapid economic development and industrialization, the persistent organic pollutants such as aliphatic hydrocarbons (AHs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), have highly concentrated in the coastal environments (Kapsimalis et al, 2014). There is a major concern regarding the organic pollutants because of their low water solubility in natural condition, none or poor biodegradability, high persistence, toxicity, and bioaccumulation and biomagnification through the food chain in aquatic ecosystem (Bastami et al, 2013;Li et al, 2015a;Migani et al, 2015;Nguyen et al, 2014).…”