Sourcing and deploying new crop varieties in mountain production systems

Sthapit, B.R.; Gauchan, Dhurva Prasad; Sthapit, Sajal; Ghimire, Krishna Hari; Joshi, B.K.; Santis, Paola De; Jarvis, D. I.

doi:10.4324/9780429507335-13

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…In general, the population is considered as a selection unit in cross-pollinated species and an individual selection is in self-pollinated species. Direct selection is a very common approach that considers the target trait during selection (Joshi, 2017;Sthapit et al, 2019). Indirect selection is effective based on correlation and path coefficients.…”

Section: Selection Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Seeds grown in new areas sometimes do not perform well and there are many cases of crop failure across the world. Selection is the main method of shaping diversity, developing new uniform varieties, and narrowing the genetic base of newly developed varieties (Roy, 2000;Singh and Chaudhary, 1977;Sthapit et al, 2019). Modified selection methods are needed so that this method could develop a variety with high intra level genetic diversity as well site-specific polymorphic variety.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Sustainable Use of Natural Resources in Rural Areas of Ukraine: The Governance Challenge

Hohol¹,

Nedilska²

2021

GJNR

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This article describes the evolution of the regulatory framework for sustainable development in Ukraine based on ratified international treaties and supports the formation of an appropriate legal framework and State policy. The formation of regulatory mechanisms for sustainable developmental goals in Ukraine are aimed at strengthening and ensuring the fair implementation of the citizen’ rights as guaranteed by the Constitution of Ukraine. It also relates to the property rights of the Ukrainian people to land, its bowels, atmospheric air, water and other natural resources within the territory, the natural resources of the continental shelf and the exclusive (marine) economic zone, if the rural areas exist in coastal zones. Since the local officials play a key role in implementing sustainable practices in forestry, fisheries, water management, agriculture and tourism, they can execute capacity building, address the needs of various sectors, promote locally produced sustainable produce, implement incentive schemes, and enforce the regulations and management practices. They can also promote and propagate the economic benefits from the conserved resources to rural constituencies. The local governments can also better manage and mitigate the disasters through maintaining and restoring the ecosystems.

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Section: Selection Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Sustainable Use of Natural Resources in Rural Areas of Ukraine: The Governance Challenge

Hohol¹,

Nedilska²

2021

GJNR

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show abstract

“…This system also replaced many native and localized crop landraces. Realizing the genetic erosion from the fields, some organizations started working on increasing the genetic diversity in the fields and have developed different approaches that also help to conserve genetic diversity in a dynamic state [4][5][6][7]). These approaches are also good for strengthening agroecological services [8,9] as well as for diversifying the produce in households and markets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Approaches and Advantages of Increased Crop Genetic Diversity in the Fields

et al. 2023

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Crop genetic diversity is the most important factor for a long-term sustainable production system. Breeding and production strategies for developing and growing uniform and homogenous varieties have created many problems. Such populations are static and very sensitive to unpredictable stresses. In Nepal, more than 80% of the seed system is informal, which has contributed greatly to creating and maintaining genetic diversity within the field. This paper aims to assess and present the approaches and advantages of increased crop genetic diversity in the fields, based on the experiences of implementing on-farm conservation activities carried out in Nepal for last two decades. Some of the evidence has been derived from an ongoing evolutionary plant breeding (EPB) project being implemented in Nepal. The information is supplemented with field assessments, focus group discussion, and a literature review. The major approaches to increase crop genetic diversity are evolutionary plant breeding, cultivar mixture, landrace enhancement, informal seed systems, the bulk method, diversifying the seed sources, participatory plant breeding, open pollination, etc. EPB and cultivar mixture are very simple and effective approaches to increase crop genetic diversity at field level. The involvement of farmers in these approaches helps to accelerate the population improvement, maintaining the higher degree of genetic diversity. The major advantages of increased crop genetic diversity are seed maintenance by farmers themselves, minimal risk of crop failure, resilience to unpredictable stresses, increased amount of diversified nutrition, production increment, ease of producing organically, etc. However, there are some issues and problems associated with mixtures and intra-varietal diversity; for example, not being able to harvest by machine, maturing at a different date, difficulty in maintaining seeds and registration, etc. Crop genetic diversity should be considered as a sustainable approach for a climate-resilient and self-dependent production system. The higher the genetic diversity in farming land, the more chance of receiving multiple benefits in the agriculture system.

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“…This system also replaced many native and localized crop landraces. Realizing the genetic erosion from the fields, some organizations started working on increasing the genetic diversity in the fields and have developed different approaches that also help to conserve genetic diversity in a dynamic state (Gauchan et al 2018, Garland and Curry 2022, Sthapit et al 2019, Wuest et al 2021. These approaches are also good for strengthening agroecological services (Hajjar et al 2008, Sirami et al 2019) as well as diversifying the produces in household and market.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Approaches and Advantages of Increased Crop Genetic Diversity in the Fields

Joshi¹,

Ghimire²,

Neupane³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Crop genetic diversity is most for the long-term sustainable production system. The breeding and production strategies of developing and growing uniform and homogenous varieties have created many different problems. Such populations are static and very sensitive to unpredictable stresses. In Nepal, more than 80% of seed system is informal s which has contributed greatly to creating and maintaining genetic diversity within the field particularly contributing to landrace diversity. This paper aims to assess and present the approaches and advantages of increased crop genetic diversity in the fields. The paper is developed based on experiences of implementing on-farm conservation activities carried out in Nepal since last two decades. Some of the evidences have been derived from on-going evolutionary plant breeding project being implemented in Nepal. The information is supplemented with field assessment, focus group discussion, and literature review. The major approaches to increase crop genetic diversity are evolutionary plant breeding, cultivar mixture, landrace enhancement, informal seed system, bulk method, diversifying the sources, participatory plant breeding, open pollination, etc. EPB and cultivar mixture are very simple and effective approaches to increase crop genetic diversity at field level. The involvement of farmers in these approaches helps to accelerate the population improvement particularly for landraces. The major advantages of increased crop genetic diversity are: seed maintenance by farmers themselves, minimal risk of crop failure, resilience to unpredictable stresses, increased amount of diversified nutrition, production increment each year, ease to produce organically, etc. However, there are some issues and problems associated with mixtures and diverse varieties, for example, not being able to harvest by machine, mature at a different date, difficulty in maintaining seeds and registration, etc. Crop genetic diversity should be considered for a climate-resilient and self-dependent production system. The higher the genetic diversity in farming land, the more chance of getting the multiple benefits in the agriculture system (Vernooy 2022).

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Sourcing and deploying new crop varieties in mountain production systems

Cited by 7 publications

References 1 publication

The Sustainable Use of Natural Resources in Rural Areas of Ukraine: The Governance Challenge

The Sustainable Use of Natural Resources in Rural Areas of Ukraine: The Governance Challenge

Approaches and Advantages of Increased Crop Genetic Diversity in the Fields

Approaches and Advantages of Increased Crop Genetic Diversity in the Fields

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