Southern Ocean Deep Benthic Biodiversity

Brandt, Angelika; Broyer, Claude De; Ebbe, Brigitte; Ellingsen, K.; Gooday, Andrew J.; Janussen, Dorte; Kaiser, Stefanie; Linse, Katrin; Schueller, Michael D.; Thomson, M.R.A.; Tyler, Paul A.; Vanreusel, Ann

doi:10.1002/9781444347241.ch10

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 216 publications

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“…For this reason early predictions suggested that the majority of benthic fauna within Antarctic waters would be endemic to the Southern Ocean (Ekman, 1953;Hedgpeth, 1969). Endemism has since been observed in many major taxonomic groups based on species records from mostly morphological species identification (see reviews Dell, 1972;Arntz et al, 1997;Clarke and Johnston, 2003;Thorpe et al, 2007;De Broyer and Danis, 2011;Brandt et al, 2012;Kaiser et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Together with our knowledge of Southern Ocean glaciations and polychaete larval biology we aim to improve our understanding of the biological and physical factors influencing the distribution of polychaete species within the Southern Ocean. We hypothesize that although many morphospecies of polychaetes exhibit "characteristic" distributional patterns for Southern Ocean species including endemism, eurybathy and circum-Antarctic distributions Brandt et al, 2012), their cryptic clades may be more restricted than their moprhospecies, i.e., cryptic FIGURE 1 | The locations from which polychaetes were collected during the BIOPEARL and JR275 expeditions (black dots) as well as the locations of additonal GenBank sequences used in haplotype networks (gray dots). SR, Shag Rocks; SG, South Georgia; ST, Southern Thule; PB, Powel Basin; EI, Elephant Island; LI, Livingston Island; AS, Amundsen Sea; WS, Weddell Sea; RS, Ross Sea; RS_O, Ross Sea offshore.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distributional Patterns of Polychaetes Across the West Antarctic Based on DNA Barcoding and Particle Tracking Analyses

et al. 2017

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Recent genetic investigations have uncovered a high proportion of cryptic species within Antarctic polychaetes. It is likely that these evolved in isolation during periods of glaciation, and it is possible that cryptic populations would have remained geographically restricted from one another occupying different regions of Antarctica. By analysing the distributions of nine morphospecies, (six of which contained potential cryptic species), we find evidence for widespread distributions within the West Antarctic. Around 60% of the cryptic species exhibited sympatric distributions, and at least one cryptic clade was found to be widespread. Additional DNA barcodes from GenBank and morphological records extended the observed range of three species studied here, and indicate potential circum-Antarctic traits. Particle tracking analyses were used to model theoretical dispersal ranges of pelagic larvae. Data from these models suggest that the observed species distributions inferred from genetic similarity could have been established and maintained through the regional oceanographic currents, including the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) and its coastal counter current. Improved understanding of the distribution of Antarctic fauna is essential for predicting the impacts of environmental change and determining management strategies for the region.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distributional Patterns of Polychaetes Across the West Antarctic Based on DNA Barcoding and Particle Tracking Analyses

et al. 2017

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“…Differences were mostly driven by changes in densities of polychaetes, crustaceans and nematodes. These groups are in fact also the most important faunal components of abyssal plains (Brandt et al, 2007a(Brandt et al, , 2007b(Brandt et al, , 2007c(Brandt et al, , 2012. Kaiser et al (2007) documented the complexity of the deep-sea isopod composition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the framework of three ANDEEP (ANtarctic benthic DEEP-sea biodiversity: colonization history and recent community patterns) expeditions to the southern ocean, deep sea high biodiversity and distinct patterns of species richness and distribution within meio-, macro and megafauna (Brandt et al, 2007a(Brandt et al, , 2007b(Brandt et al, , 2007c(Brandt et al, , 2009(Brandt et al, , 2012 have been revealed depending on taxon and reproductive mode. On the background of this baseline project, SYSTCO (SYSTem COupling) project was designed to investigate the processes that drive the pattern observed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are boundary conditions in surface productivity at the Southern Polar Front reflected in benthic activity?

Brandt

Vanreusel

Bracher

et al. 2014

Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography

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a b s t r a c tIn austral summer 2012, during the expedition ANT-XXVIII/3 on board RV Polarstern, two sites were sampled 1600 km apart in the South Polar Front area (521S) at the boundary of different productivity regimes for meio-and macrobenthos using a multiple-corer and an epibenthic sledge, respectively. Patterns in density and abundance data were compared between different size classes of the benthos and interpreted in relation to surface primary productivity data and sediment oxygen consumption. We tested the hypothesis that long-term satellite-derived surface phytoplankton biomass, in situ real time biomass, and productivity measurements at the surface and throughout the euphotic zone are reflected in abyssal benthos densities, abundances and activity. Specifically, we investigated the effect of boundary conditions for lower and higher surface productivity. Surface and integrated to 100 m depth biomass and primary productivity measurements vary stations, with the lowest values at station 85 (0.083 mg Chla m À 3 at surface, 9 mg Chl-a m

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“…Based on the data gained within the frame of the ANDEEP I-III expeditions in 2002 and 2005, high macrofaunal biodiversity from the Southern Ocean deep sea was reported (Brandt et al, 2007a(Brandt et al, , 2012. Kaiser et al (2013) described pattern, process and vulnerability of Southern Ocean benthos and summarized these and other results from the Census of the Antarctic Marine Life (http://www.caml.aq/).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composition and abundance of epibenthic-sledge catches in the South Polar Front of the Atlantic

Brandt

Havermans

Janussen

et al. 2014

Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography

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Southern Ocean Deep Benthic Biodiversity

Cited by 13 publications

References 216 publications

Distributional Patterns of Polychaetes Across the West Antarctic Based on DNA Barcoding and Particle Tracking Analyses

Distributional Patterns of Polychaetes Across the West Antarctic Based on DNA Barcoding and Particle Tracking Analyses

Are boundary conditions in surface productivity at the Southern Polar Front reflected in benthic activity?

Composition and abundance of epibenthic-sledge catches in the South Polar Front of the Atlantic

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