Sox10 is expressed in primary melanocytic neoplasms of various histologies but not in fibrohistiocytic proliferations and histiocytoses

Shin, Jeonghyun; Vincent, Jeremy G.; Cuda, Jonathan D.; Xu, Haiyang; Kang, Sewon; Kim, Jinah; Taube, Janis M.

doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2011.12.035

Cited by 64 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…1,[11][12][13][14][15] In our study, 115 of 119 primary cutaneous melanomas (96.6%) stained with SOX10. This compares well with the study by Nonaka et al, 7 where SOX10 nuclear expression was found in 76 of 78 melanomas (97%).…”

Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 48%

“…This compares well with the study by Nonaka et al, 7 where SOX10 nuclear expression was found in 76 of 78 melanomas (97%). In a study by Shin et al, 13 SOX10 was expressed in 100% of DMs and was negative in all histologic mimics, such as spindle cell carcinoma, atypical fibroxanthoma, and sarcomas. Karamchandani et al 16 also showed comparable results, with only 1 of 78 cases of various sarcomas (1.3%) expressing SOX10.…”

Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…To date, most publications have used an immunohistochemistry method using a research useonly goat polyclonal SOX10. 1,7,[11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] We herein describe the development of a new mouse monoclonal SOX10 hybridoma (BC34) and evaluate its sensitivity and specificity in normal and neoplastic tissues, with an emphasis on melanoma and its subtypes.…”

Section: Context-recent Immunohistochemical Studies Havementioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,[10][11][12][13][14][15]19 The use of a research use-only goat primary antibody may be satisfactory for research purposes; however, it may not be generally accepted in a clinical setting. Polyclonal antibodies are also notorious for lot-to-lot variation and may produce unwanted nonspecific background staining.…”

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confidence: 99%

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A Newly Developed Mouse Monoclonal SOX10 Antibody Is a Highly Sensitive and Specific Marker for Malignant Melanoma, Including Spindle Cell and Desmoplastic Melanomas

Tacha¹,

Qi²,

Ra³

et al. 2014

Archives of Pathology &Amp; Laboratory Medicine

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Context.-Recent immunohistochemical studies havedemonstrated Sry-related HMG-Box gene 10 (SOX10) expression in malignant melanomas, malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors, a subset of breast carcinomas, and gliomas. SOX10 has shown important clinical utility in its ability to detect desmoplastic and spindle cell melanomas. To date, most publications have employed a research useonly goat polyclonal SOX10 antibody for immunohistochemical staining.Objective.-To describe the development of a new mouse monoclonal SOX10 antibody (BC34) and evaluate its immunohistochemical staining profile in a wide range of normal and neoplastic tissues, with an emphasis on melanoma.Design.-SOX10 antibody was optimized for staining using a polymer detection system and visualization with diaminobenzidine.Results.-In normal tissues, SOX10 was expressed in skin melanocytes and eccrine cells, breast myoepithelial and lobular epithelial cells, salivary gland myoepithelial cells, peripheral nerve Schwann cells, and central nervous system glial cells. SOX10 was expressed in 238 of 257 melanomas (92.6%), including 50 of 51 of both spindle cell and desmoplastic melanomas (98%). SOX10 was expressed in 100% of nevi (20 of 20) and schwannomas (28 of 28). In other neoplasms, SOX10 was expressed in 18 of 109 invasive ductal breast carcinomas (16.5%). All other carcinomas were negative for SOX10. SOX10 was identified in 25 of 52 central nervous system neoplasms, primarily in astrocytomas (22 of 41; 53.7%), and in 4 of 99 various sarcomas examined (4.0%).Conclusions.-The newly developed mouse monoclonal SOX10 antibody BC34 is highly sensitive and specific for malignant melanoma, including desmoplastic and spindle cell variants, and appears highly suitable for clinical use.

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Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 48%

Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Context-recent Immunohistochemical Studies Havementioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Newly Developed Mouse Monoclonal SOX10 Antibody Is a Highly Sensitive and Specific Marker for Malignant Melanoma, Including Spindle Cell and Desmoplastic Melanomas

Tacha¹,

Qi²,

Ra³

et al. 2014

Archives of Pathology &Amp; Laboratory Medicine

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“…Nuclear staining is noted in normal melanocytes, Schwann cells, secretory cells of the eccrine coil, myoepithelial cells, and predominantly cytoplasmic staining in mast cells. 112,113 Expression has been shown in all types of nevi (blue, neurotized, dysplastic, Spitz, capsular) and melanoma (epithelioid, spindled, desmoplastic, metastatic). 114,115 The specificity is also high, with expression in only a few other tumors, including granular cell tumor, schwannoma, neurofibroma, myoepithelioma, clear cell sarcoma, and some ductal breast carcinomas.…”

Section: Melanocytic Neoplasmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunohistochemistry in Dermatopathology

Ferringer

2015

Archives of Pathology &Amp; Laboratory Medicine

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Context.-Immunohistochemistry is not a diagnostic test but a highly valuable tool that requires interpretation within a context.Objective.-To review the current status and limitations of immunohistochemistry in dermatopathology.Data Sources.-English-language literature published between 1980 and 2014.Conclusions.-Although immunohistochemistry is rarely completely specific or sensitive, it is an important adjunctive technique in dermatopathology and can be helpful in a series of diagnostic dilemmas.

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Detection of Occult Invasion in Melanoma In Situ

et al. 2016

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IMPORTANCE It is unclear why some patients with in situ melanoma develop metastases. Few reports demonstrate occult invasion with immunohistochemistry staining, which were discordant with reports interpreting such staining as false-positive. OBJECTIVE To investigate the occurrence of occult invasive disease within in situ melanoma by using methods to circumvent potential limitations in prior study designs. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Unequivocal in situ melanoma without associated nevi or regression was identified using a consecutive sample of 33 cases plus 1 index case in an academic medical center. After cutting deeper into the most representative tissue block, 3 sequential slides were stained with hematoxylin-eosin (H-E), melanoma antigen (melan-A), and again with HE. Melan-A-stained slides showing definitive invasion were double-stained with Sry-related HMg-Box gene 10 (SOX10) to confirm the melanocytic nature of the cells of interest. The study evaluated the possibilities of occult invasion detected by immunohistochemistry, sectioning deeper into the tissue block, or both. Slides were independently scored by 3 dermatopathologists with interrater reliability assessed. The study was conducted from January 1, 2012, to July 31, 2014. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Assessment of the occurrence of occult invasion, diagnosis of invasion by immunohistochemistry alone vs cutting deeper into the tissue block, and occurrence of false-positive results using immunohistochemistry alone. RESULTS Occult invasive melanoma was detected in 11 of 33 consecutive cases (33%) of previously diagnosed unequivocal in situ melanoma. Six of 11 melanomas (55%) were diagnosable only by immunohistochemistry. The remaining 5 tumors (45%) were diagnosable by both melan-A and HE staining, likely as a result of simply cutting deeper into the tissue block. Four cases (12%) showed a few melan-A-positive cells in the dermis, which was insufficient for a diagnosis of invasive melanoma and most consistent on a cytomorphologic basis with occult nevi. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Although rare, in situ melanoma may metastasize. Occult microinvasion was demonstrated in up to one-third of the specimens in the present study, which provides a plausible explanation for this adverse event. Thus, history and physical examination including regional lymph nodes, education, and surveillance recommendations should be based on a very low, but not zero, risk of metastasis.

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Sox10 is expressed in primary melanocytic neoplasms of various histologies but not in fibrohistiocytic proliferations and histiocytoses

Cited by 64 publications

References 37 publications

A Newly Developed Mouse Monoclonal SOX10 Antibody Is a Highly Sensitive and Specific Marker for Malignant Melanoma, Including Spindle Cell and Desmoplastic Melanomas

A Newly Developed Mouse Monoclonal SOX10 Antibody Is a Highly Sensitive and Specific Marker for Malignant Melanoma, Including Spindle Cell and Desmoplastic Melanomas

Immunohistochemistry in Dermatopathology

Detection of Occult Invasion in Melanoma In Situ

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