Soya bean‐based diets plus probiotics improve the profile of fatty acids, digestibility, intestinal microflora, growth performance and the innate immunity of beluga (Huso huso)

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of different methods of using probiotics Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis in soya bean-based diets on the physiology of beluga (Huso huso) (351 ± 4 g). Five experimental diets were formulated to feed beluga for 10 weeks. The results showed that there was no significant difference in weight gain between control (446 g) and 70%SBM-SPRAY2 (409 g) treatments. Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in the muscle of beluga fed control (203.2 g/kg) and 70%SBM-SPRAY2 (166.4 g/kg) diet did not change statistically. Blood performance as a newly introduced factor in individuals fed dietary control (64.06) and 70%SBM-SPRAY2 (64.33) had higher value as compared with those fed dietary 70%SBM-DIET2 (61.90) (p < 0.05). Also, total protein (1.68 g/dl) and RBC (0.74 × 10 6 /mm 3) in fish fed 70%SBM were statistically lower than other treatments (p < 0.05). Lysozyme, alternative complement activity and total viable counts in beluga fed dietary probiotics were significantly higher than others. In conclusion, feeding fish with the 70%SBM-SPRAY2 diet improved fish growth and health.

EDTA detoxifies heavy metals on exposed beluga ( Huso huso ) with pollution stress: Growth performance, immunohaematology, blood biochemistry and antioxidant activity

“…We selected this style of plots to show the trend of changing parameters with increasing EDTA plus considerable difference among groups before and after HMS. Moha Esmaeili introduced blood performance as a new haematological factor for aquaculture studies, a sum of the RBC, WBC, haematocrit, haemoglobin and total protein (Montazeri Parchikolaei et al, 2021). Interestingly, this factor worked well in our research as well, so that it shows how HMS negatively affects fish and how EDTA had a positive effect on this condition.…”

“…The tubes were centrifuged at 13,000 × g for 5 min in a microhematocrit apparatus, and then, haematocrit values were read using a specific graded sheet (Řehulka et al, 2004). Mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), MCHC (Wintrobe, 1929) and blood performance (this formula was introduced by Moha Esmaeili and was reported in Montazeri Parchikolaei et al (2021)) were calculated according to the below formula:…”

“…Sturgeons, due to their ability to be raised in a multicultural system and the high economic value of their meat and caviare, have been commonly farmed (Khajepour & Hosseini, 2012b; Matani Bour et al, 2018). Among sturgeon species, beluga has the best meat quality and is the most expensive one (Montazeri Parchikolaei et al, 2021). Farmers usually farm this species in the Caspian Sea, a polluted water resource with heavy metals (Ali Azadi et al, 2018; Leroy et al, 2020) and freshwater.…”

Optimal Feeding Frequency for Captive Hawksbill Sea Turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata)

“… 1M12, one meal daily at 12.00 h; 2M8–12, two meals daily at 08.00 and 12.00 h; 2M8–16, two meals daily at 08.00 and 16.00 h; 2M12–16, two meals daily at 12.00 and 16.00 h; 3M8–12–16, three meals daily at 08.00, 12.00 and 16.00 h; RBC, red blood cells; Hb, hemoglobin; Hct, hematocrit; WBC, white blood cells; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; ALP, alkaline phosphatase; * Blood performance was calculated from RBC (×10 6 cells µL −1 ) + Hct (g dL −1 ) + WBC (×10 3 cells µL −1 ) + total protein (g dL −1 ), as reported by Montazeri Parchikolaei [ 31 ]; Data are expressed as tank mean ± SEM; Differences between means were tested with Duncan’s multiple range test; Different superscripts in the same row indicate a significant difference ( p < 0.05). …”

In vitro Selection of Synbiotics and in vivo Investigation of Growth Indices, Reproduction Performance, Survival, and Ovarian Cyp19α Gene Expression in Zebrafish Danio rerio

“…The microbial balance in the fish gut is crucial for its optimal metabolism and disease prevention. Over the past few years, there has been an increasing effort to steer the gut microbiota of fish toward beneficial communities as the dominance of such beneficial microbes in the fish gut has been linked to the improvement of the growth and reproductive performances, and the resistance of the fish toward pathogens ( Allameh et al, 2015 ; Akbari Nargesi et al, 2020 ; Hasan and Banerjee, 2020 ; Kong et al, 2020 ; Ringø et al, 2020b ; Montazeri-Parchikolaei et al, 2021 ). One approach to induce a healthy gut microbiome in fish has been through the administration of probiotics – live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host ( Aydin and Şehriban, 2019 ; Cámara-Ruiz et al, 2020 ).…”