Soybean Disease Loss Estimates from the United States and Ontario, Canada — 2022

Sisson, Adam; Sikora, Ed; Faske, Travis; Spurlock, Terry; Koehler, Alyssa; Dufault, Nick; Small, Ian; Kemerait, Bob; Harbach, Chelsa; Bond, Jason E.; Telenko, Darcy E. P.; Mueller, Daren S.; Onofre, Rodrigo; Bradley, Carl A.; Padgett, Boyd; Price, Trey; Watson, Tristan; Chilvers, Marty; Malvick, Dean; Allen, Tom; Bish, Mandy D.; Mangel, Dylan; Bergstrom, Gary C.; Vann, Rachel; Markell, Samuel G.; Lopez-Nicora, Horacio D.; Lofton, Josh; Tenuta, Albert; Collins, Alyssa; Esker, Paul D.; Roth, Greg; Mueller, John; Plumbee, Michael; Shires, Madalyn; Kelly, Heather; Isakeit, Thomas; Langston, David B.; Zhou, Yuan; Smith, Damon

doi:10.31274/cpn-20230421-1

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Soybean (Glycine max) is one of the most important crops worldwide, and soybean diseases have been one of the major yieldlimiting stresses for decades (Bandara et al, 2020;Bradley et al, 2021;Allen et al, 2022). However, there were limited studies on the functional validation of soybean chitinases (Lv et al, 2022) and their expressions induced by rhizobacteria.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of soybean chitinase genes induced by rhizobacteria involved in the defense against Fusarium oxysporum

Chen,

Sang,

Chilvers

et al. 2024

Front. Plant Sci.

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Rhizobacteria are capable of inducing defense responses via the expression of pathogenesis-related proteins (PR-proteins) such as chitinases, and many studies have validated the functions of plant chitinases in defense responses. Soybean (Glycine max) is an economically important crop worldwide, but the functional validation of soybean chitinase in defense responses remains limited. In this study, genome-wide characterization of soybean chitinases was conducted, and the defense contribution of three chitinases (GmChi01, GmChi02, or GmChi16) was validated in Arabidopsis transgenic lines against the soil-borne pathogen Fusarium oxysporum. Compared to the Arabidopsis Col-0 and empty vector controls, the transgenic lines with GmChi02 or GmChi16 exhibited fewer chlorosis symptoms and wilting. While GmChi02 and GmChi16 enhanced defense to F. oxysporum, GmChi02 was the only one significantly induced by Burkholderia ambifaria. The observation indicated that plant chitinases may be induced by different rhizobacteria for defense responses. The survey of 37 soybean chitinase gene expressions in response to six rhizobacteria observed diverse inducibility, where only 10 genes were significantly upregulated by at least one rhizobacterium and 9 genes did not respond to any of the rhizobacteria. Motif analysis on soybean promoters further identified not only consensus but also rhizobacterium-specific transcription factor-binding sites for the inducible chitinase genes. Collectively, these results confirmed the involvement of GmChi02 and GmChi16 in defense enhancement and highlighted the diverse inducibility of 37 soybean chitinases encountering F. oxysporum and six rhizobacteria.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of soybean chitinase genes induced by rhizobacteria involved in the defense against Fusarium oxysporum

Chen,

Sang,

Chilvers

et al. 2024

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…Globally, pathogens are responsible for up to 32% of soybean yield loss ( Savary et al., 2019 ). The fungal pathogen Phialophora gregata , which causes brown stem rot (BSR), led to a reduction of 3.176 million bushels in soybean yield in the U.S.A in 2022 ( Allen et al., 2023 ). While BSR is agronomically important, the available methods for managing it are limited to genetic resistance and long-term crop rotation ( Adee et al., 1997 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virus induced gene silencing confirms oligogenic inheritance of brown stem rot resistance in soybean

McCabe,

Lincoln,

O’Rourke

et al. 2024

Front. Plant Sci.

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Brown Stem Rot (BSR), caused by the soil borne fungal pathogen Phialophora gregata, can reduce soybean yields by as much as 38%. Previous allelism studies identified three Resistant to brown stem Rot genes (Rbs1, Rbs2, and Rbs3), all mapping to large, overlapping regions on soybean chromosome 16. However, recent fine-mapping and genome wide association studies (GWAS) suggest Rbs1, Rbs2, and Rbs3 are alleles of a single Rbs locus. To address this conflict, we characterized the Rbs locus using the Williams82 reference genome (Wm82.a4.v1). We identified 120 Receptor-Like Proteins (RLPs), with hallmarks of disease resistance receptor-like proteins (RLPs), which formed five distinct clusters. We developed virus induced gene silencing (VIGS) constructs to target each of the clusters, hypothesizing that silencing the correct RLP cluster would result in a loss of resistance phenotype. The VIGS constructs were tested against P. gregata resistant genotypes L78-4094 (Rbs1), PI 437833 (Rbs2), or PI 437970 (Rbs3), infected with P. gregata or mock infected. No loss of resistance phenotype was observed. We then developed VIGS constructs targeting two RLP clusters with a single construct. Construct B1a/B2 silenced P. gregata resistance in L78-4094, confirming at least two genes confer Rbs1-mediated resistance to P. gregata. Failure of B1a/B2 to silence resistance in PI 437833 and PI 437970 suggests additional genes confer BSR resistance in these lines. To identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) responding to silencing, we conducted RNA-seq of leaf, stem and root samples from B1a/B2 and empty vector control plants infected with P. gregata or mock infected. B1a/B2 silencing induced DEGs associated with cell wall biogenesis, lipid oxidation, the unfolded protein response and iron homeostasis and repressed numerous DEGs involved in defense and defense signaling. These findings will improve integration of Rbs resistance into elite germplasm and provide novel insights into fungal disease resistance.

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“…One of the primary challenges in soybean cultivation is the prevalence of seed-borne and soil-borne diseases, which can hinder seed germination through seed rot, root rot, and damping-off [29]. In the United States, these diseases accounted for 76% of soybean yield loss related to diseases from 2018 to 2020 [30]. Various fungal pathogens like Athelia rolfsii , Fusarium oxysporum , Macrophomina phaseolina , Rhizoctonia solani , and Sclertoinia sclerotiorum have become persistent endemic problems [31], and a recently emerging disease, red crown rot (RCR) caused by Calonectria ilicicola , has gained attention globally in recent years [32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colonization ofBacillus altitudinison the Compatible Soybean Varieties to Provide Seed Rot Resistance

Wu,

Chang

2023

Preprint

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Seed health is crucial for plant growth and agricultural productivity. Recent studies have illustrated the importance of plant microbiome in disease resistance, however, it remains unclear whether the seed microbiome confers seed rot resistance against fungal pathogens. In this study, the application of antibiotics on the seeds of eight soybean varieties showed that seed-associated bacteria were involved in the seed rot resistance caused byCalonectria ilicicola, but this resistance cannot be carried to withstand root rot. Using PacBio 16S rDNA full-length sequencing and microbiome analyses, the seed microbiome was shown to mainly dependent on the soybean variety, and there was no consistent community network associated with seed rot resistance across soybean varieties. Instead, the seed-associatedBacillus altitudiniswas identified through the differential abundance analysis and culture-dependent isolation. Moreover, qPCR confirmed the persistence ofB. altitudinison apical shoots till 21 days post-inoculation, but not on roots by 9 days post-inoculation. The short-term colonization ofB. altitudinison roots may explain the absence of root rot resistance. Furthermore, seed treated withB. altitudinisrestored seed rot resistance, but only in the compatible soybean varieties. For the incompatible soybean varieties,B. altitudinisshowed lower bacterial density and provided no seed protection. Collectively, this study advances the insight ofB. altitudinisconferring seed rot resistance. These findings highlight the potential of using seed-associated bacteria for seed protection and underscore the importance of considering bacterial compatibility with plant genotypes and tissues.

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Soybean Disease Loss Estimates from the United States and Ontario, Canada — 2022

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Characterization of soybean chitinase genes induced by rhizobacteria involved in the defense against Fusarium oxysporum

Characterization of soybean chitinase genes induced by rhizobacteria involved in the defense against Fusarium oxysporum

Virus induced gene silencing confirms oligogenic inheritance of brown stem rot resistance in soybean

Colonization ofBacillus altitudinison the Compatible Soybean Varieties to Provide Seed Rot Resistance

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