Space Weather General Concepts

Sergeeva, M. A.

doi:10.1007/978-3-031-15874-2_3

Cited by 2 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 296 publications

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“…Ionospheric storms are mostly caused by geomagnetic storms [30]. Their possible impacts are discussed in many works such as [8,9,[11][12][13]54,55] and the references therein. Different geomagnetic storm classifications exist, e.g., [56][57][58].…”

Section: Ionospheric Storms To Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are many scientific works dedicated to Solar-Terrestrial relationships, e.g., Refs. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] and many others. These studies are critical to deepening our knowledge of the physics of natural processes in the near-Earth space.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For more information on the SW services, the reader is referred to the official ISES web page (www.spaceweather.org, accessed on 1 September 2023). Some details of SW service tasks are discussed in [8,[19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28]. It may be noted here that the preparedness for a severe SW event is one of the most important designated problems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the moment of this article's writing, 22 RWCs of different nations and the European Space Agency belong to ISES. Please see a brief review on the international collaboration in the field in [8] and the references therein.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, the case of the storms in October-November 2003 may be recalled, when several flights were rerouted to avoid the increased radiation levels and degraded communication [10,31,32]. Other economy sectors such as GNSS navigation precision, power transmission lines, low-orbit satellite operations, space launches, human work in space and many others are also vulnerable to SW events [8,29,31,[33][34][35]. To provide SW information to ICAO worldwide in real-time, a 24/7 international operational service was launched in 2019 [30,36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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On Some Challenges for National and Global Space Weather Services

Sergeeva,

Gonzalez-Esparza,

Gatica-Acevedo

et al. 2023

Remote Sensing

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Space Weather (SW) hazards are discussed in terms of the operation of national SW services and global SW centers for the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). The definition of threshold values of monitored parameters which are used to identify moderate and severe SW events is one of the critical problems. Due to the lack of both physical data on severe events and user feedback, we tried to approach the problem statistically. In particular, we pursued the answer to the question about what intensity of ionospheric storms and flare effects should be reported by national and global SW entities to their users. We also discussed the possible role of an active region on the Sun, and the cosmic rays’ issues that may be helpful regarding SW operational work. The presented considerations are based on examples of the ionosphere state assessment for the low-latitude American sector with a focus on the Mexican region. This work attempts to argue the possible approaches to resolve the tasks that the SW national services and global centers face.

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Section: Ionospheric Storms To Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

On Some Challenges for National and Global Space Weather Services

Sergeeva,

Gonzalez-Esparza,

Gatica-Acevedo

et al. 2023

Remote Sensing

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Solar Flare Effects Observed over Mexico during 30–31 March 2022

Sergeeva

Maltseva²,

Vesnin³

et al. 2023

Remote Sensing

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Manifestations of two solar flares of March 2022 were studied over Mexico. The flare effects in the lower ionosphere had a ~3 min delay from the X1.3-flare onset and ~5 min from the M9.6-flare onset. The maximal impact on the HF signal amplitude was ~(14–15) min after the onset of both flares. The X1.3-flare provoked the shortwave fadeout during ~6 min. The effects in the lower ionosphere lasted longer than the flares and the effects at the F2 region and higher altitudes only during the flares. The interpretation of results showed the following. (1) Based on the absorption level estimated with minimum frequency and signal amplitude on ionograms, the major role of X-ray radiation in the electron concentration increase in the lower ionosphere was confirmed. At the same time, the EUV radiation impact on the lower ionosphere cannot be totally discarded. The lower ionosphere recovery began before and lasted after the X1.3-flare end, being more rapid at Eglin than in Mexico. During M9.6-flare, the responses at the two observation points were rather synchronized due to the more similar illumination conditions at the two meridians. (2) According to the dI variations characterizing the F2 region and higher, the M9.6-flare provoked medium-scale and the X1.3-flare provoked both medium- and small-scale ionospheric irregularities. The response duration corresponded to the dI series filtered with (10–20) min windows. The dI curve during the flares was characterized by the И-form and depended more on the active region position and the flare class than on the solar zenith angle. The available data do not allow us to unambiguously identify the reason for the negative dI: the applied filtering procedure or the physical effect. (3) During both flares, the major EUV impact on the lower ionosphere was by the flux at 133.5 nm and on the F2 region and higher altitudes at 25.6 nm. In addition, during the M9.6-flare, EUV 28.4, 30.4 and 121.6 nm spectral bands also played an important role in the F2 response. During the X1.3-flare, the EUV 25.6 nm flux and X-ray flux impacts on the F2 region were of the same level. The weakest impact was caused by the emission in the EUV 28.4 nm spectral band on the absorption in the lower ionosphere during both flares and on the electron density in the F2 region and higher during the X1.3-flare.

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Space Weather General Concepts

Cited by 2 publications

References 296 publications

On Some Challenges for National and Global Space Weather Services

On Some Challenges for National and Global Space Weather Services

Solar Flare Effects Observed over Mexico during 30–31 March 2022

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