Spatial Analysis and Mapping of Groundwater Quality in Uppal Kalan, Hyderabad

Abstract

Water is an essential element intended for the continued survival of life on the planet earth in which groundwater is the chief sources of drinking and other uses. Groundwater quality will become essentially important in water scarce areas. The study considered is in Uppal Kalan area, which comes under Medchal-Malkajgiri District of Telangana State. The present study carried out to analyse the physicochemical parameters of groundwater quality such as pH, Turbidity, Colour, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Conductivity, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Alkalinity, Total Hardness, Calcium, Magnesium, Fluoride, Potassium, Phosphate, Nitrate, Chloride and Sulphate for 50 sample well locations. The results of Physicochemical analysis are spatially analysed and mapped using Geographic Information System (GIS) interpolation techniques to visualize the groundwater quality status in the study area. Spatial analysis showed that the groundwater is highly contaminated and the majority of quality parameters are not within the BIS Standards of drinking. Even for domestic use proper treatment is necessary as Colour, Conductivity, Total Hardness, Calcium, Magnesium, Fluoride, Phosphate, Nitrate and Sulphate are at higher levels. Hence, the study area has an exceptional concern about groundwater quality and requires periodic pollution monitoring.