Spatial Analysis of Forest Fragmentation in the Atlantic Forest Bioma Areas

Abstract

The goal of this work was to calculate landscape ecology metrics using the R language, allowing the analysis of forest fragments under the Atlantic Forest domain located in the sub-basin of Arroio Jaquirana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. For the mapping of the forest fragments, we used images from the REIS/RapidEye sensor dated 2016, and the classification was supervised through the Bhattacharya algorithm. The fragments were analyzed in seven size classes, to separate them and to calculate the landscape metrics it was used R language. The results attained demonstrated that the native forest occupied 34.01% of the study area, covering a total of 1,995 fragments, of which 93.43% were less than 5 ha. The highest values of edge and perimeter-area ratio were found in the small fragments indicating a greater edge effect, with the central areas of these remnants being exposed to the external matrix effects. Thus, it is concluded that the Atlantic Forest is highly fragmented and is extremely important to establish measures to minimize the effects and/or increase the connectivity between the fragments through ecological corridors using the smaller fragments, in addition, it makes necessary the development of public policies and research for the management of the region in order to preserve the remnants.

Apresentação

“…Fragmentos pequenos também possuem importante papel, uma vez que podem funcionar como trampolins para os fragmentos maiores, além de fornecerem abrigo temporário para algumas espécies (DOS SANTOS et al 2020;MARCHESAN et al 2018), devendo ser considerando em projetos e propostas de manutenção da diversidade, reforçando os incentivos para a restauração florestal, como indica o estudo de Santos Junior et al (2016), que aponta a importância da manutenção desses habitats adequados para a avifauna. Dessa forma, estudos voltados para a contenção dos avanços desenfreados a fragmentação florestal e de incentivo para o reflorestamento são necessários, Matos et al (2020), ressalta a importância da restauração de florestas para o sequestro do carbono e para a riqueza da biodiversidade.…”