Spatial and Temporal Characterization of Drought Events in China Using the Severity-Area-Duration Method

Yang, Xiaoli; Zhang, Linyan; Wang, Yuqian; Singh, Vijay P.; Xu, Chong‐Yu; Ren, Liliang; Zhang, Mengru; Liu, Yi; Jiang, Shanhu; Yuan, Fei

doi:10.3390/w12010230

Cited by 19 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The concept of a false onset has not been thoroughly investigated previously, but was introduced by Berry and Reeder (2016). Previous studies have investigated flash droughts in Australia (Parker et al ., 2021) and other tropical locations in the context of monsoonal and wet season rainfall variability (Zhang et al ., 2019a; Christian et al ., 2019a; Zhang et al ., 2020; Mahto and Mishra, 2020; Yang et al ., 2020; Stojanovic et al ., 2020). We chose to investigate the concurrence of false onsets and flash droughts over tropical Australia to bridge potential impacts of drought‐like conditions in the region.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Drought in tropical climates have similar impacts on agriculture and water availability as traditional droughts at higher latitudes (Duncan et al ., 2013; Zhang et al ., 2020). Monsoonal climates experience high temperatures, direct solar radiation, periods of high evaporation rates along with high rainfall variability, thus drought characteristics in tropical climates may include a rapid onset and/or a short duration (Zhang et al ., 2019b; Yang et al ., 2020). Short‐duration tropical droughts may be similar to the ‘ verânicos ’ of Brazil (Borges et al ., 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wet season rainfall onset and flash drought: The case of the northern Australian wet season

Lisonbee

Ribbe

Otkin

et al. 2022

Intl Journal of Climatology

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In this paper, we report on the frequency of false onsets of wet season rainfall in the case of the Northern Australian wet season and investigate the role of largescale tropical climate processes such as the El Niño-Southern Oscillation, Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) and Madden-Julian Oscillation. A false onset occurs when a wet season rainfall onset criterion is met, but follow-up rainfall is not received for weeks or months later. Our analysis of wet season rainfall data from 1950 through 2020 shows a false onset occurs, on average, between 20 and 30% of wet seasons across all of northern Australia. This increases at a regional and local level such as at Darwin, the Northern Territory (NT), and parts of Queensland's north coast to over 50%. Seasonal climate influences, such as a La Niña pattern and a negative IOD that typically expedite the wet season rainfall onset, also increase the likelihood of a false onset over northern Australia. Our analysis also finds that periods of false onsets can sometimes, but not always, coincide with periods of rapid soil moisture depletion. The false rainfall onsets that develop into flash drought can be potentially disruptive and costly and are of potential significance for agriculture and fire management in northern Australia, and in other monsoonal climates that also typically experience a slow build-up to the seasonal monsoon. In conclusion, effective rainfall indicates that many seasons experience 'false onsets' with dry conditions after early rainfall. We propose that false onsets are a physical characteristic of the climate of northern Australia which occurs with relatively high frequency. In addition, these false onsets may sometimes co-occur with a flash drought.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wet season rainfall onset and flash drought: The case of the northern Australian wet season

Lisonbee

Ribbe

Otkin

et al. 2022

Intl Journal of Climatology

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“…China spans many degrees of latitude and has complicated terrain, and therefore, climate varies sharply. The south and the north of China are dominated by different atmospheric circulation systems (Yang et al, 2020;Zhang et al, 2016). North China has typical continental monsoon climate characterized by hot and rainy summers, and cold and dry winters.…”

Section: Data and Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrasting Influences of Human Activities on Hydrological Drought Regimes Over China Based on High‐Resolution Simulations

Yang

Zhang

et al. 2020

Water Resources Research

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How human activities have altered hydrological droughts (streamflow deficits) in China during the past five decades (1961-2016) is investigated using the latest version (v2.0) of PCR-GLOBWB model at high spatial resolution (~10 km). Although both human activities and climate variability have significant effects on river flows over China, there are large regional north-south contrasts. Over northern China, human activities generally intensify hydrological droughts. We find that human activities exacerbated drought deficit by about 70-200% from 2004 to 2015. In contrast, droughts over southern China are generally alleviated by human activities. For instance, irrigation and water management (such as reservoir operation and water abstraction) increase drought StDef (standardized drought deficit volume) by about 80% in the Yellow River (north) but reduce it by about 20% in the Yangtze River (south). Human activities slightly reduce drought deficit in the Yangtze River due to the combination of large reservoir storage and low ratio of agriculture consumption to abstracted irrigation water. In contrast, hydrological drought is aggravated in the semiarid Yellow River basin because of high water consumption from agricultural sectors. This study suggests that human activities have contrasting influences on hydrological drought characteristics in the northern (intensification) and southern (mitigation) parts of China. Therefore, it is critical to consider the variable roles of human activities on hydrological drought in China when developing mitigation and adaptation strategies. Plain Language Summary China faces unprecedented challenges for water resources management under a changing climate, which is expected to lead to more frequent and severe droughts in the future. Of particular importance is streamflow drought, which jeopardizes regional water supply and local ecosystem services. On one hand, human activities through reservoir operation can effectively alleviate drought by releasing water during the low flow period. But on the other hand, water abstraction to meet sectoral water demand (such as irrigation) could exacerbate the streamflow deficit. To what extent such human activities differ across regions is not clear. In this study, we use a physically based hydrological and water resources model to investigate how human activities have altered streamflow droughts in China during the past five decades (1961-2016). We find that human activities generally alleviate streamflow droughts in the southern region (e.g., Yangtze River) but intensify them in the northern part of China (e.g., Yellow River). Our research highlights the contrasting geographical differences of human influences on hydrological drought across China, which can be useful for making more effective drought adaptation strategies.

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“…With global warming, the drought frequency, duration, and intensity being experienced in large areas of the Americas, Africa, and Asia 2 affects cereal plant growth and production severely. In the future, drought in China is projected to occur less frequently but the duration of the most severe drought is expected to be longer than in the past 3 . Drought, especially during the grain development stage, is widely regarded as a vital abiotic factor that affects cereal grain quality 4 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the duration of post‐silking drought on the starch physicochemical properties of waxy maize

2022

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Background: Drought is a major abiotic stress that affects the physicochemical properties of cereal starch. However, quantitative information on the effects of drought duration on the starch quality of waxy maize, a special maize-type starch composed of nearly pure amylopectin, has been lacking. The effects of post-silking drought duration 1-10 (DS10), 1-20 (DS20), and 1-30 (DS30) days after pollination on the physicochemical properties of starch were assessed from 2019 to 2020 using two waxy maize hybrids as materials.Results: With extending drought duration, the starch granule size and average amylopectin chain length of Jingkenuo2000 (JKN2000) gradually increased, with those of Suyunuo5 (SYN5) being the highest for DS20, followed by DS30. All drought durations decreased the degree of branching of both hybrids, with the lowest value obtained for DS30 and DS20 in JKN2000 and SYN5, respectively. Relative crystallinity increased for DS30 in both hybrids but its responses for DS10 and DS20 differed. Pasting viscosities and gelatinization enthalpy were decreased and retrogradation percentage was increased by drought stress. The lowest pasting viscosities were observed for DS30, and the highest retrogradation percentage was found for DS10 in general.Conclusion: Post-silking drought led to the pasting and retrogradation properties deteriorating, with decreased pasting viscosities and increased retrogradation percentage. The decrease in viscosity was caused by enlarged granules. Meanwhile, the increased proportion of amylopectin chains with a degree of polymerization of 25-36 resulted in lower viscosity and higher retrogradation.

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Spatial and Temporal Characterization of Drought Events in China Using the Severity-Area-Duration Method

Cited by 19 publications

References 49 publications

Wet season rainfall onset and flash drought: The case of the northern Australian wet season

Wet season rainfall onset and flash drought: The case of the northern Australian wet season

Contrasting Influences of Human Activities on Hydrological Drought Regimes Over China Based on High‐Resolution Simulations

Effects of the duration of post‐silking drought on the starch physicochemical properties of waxy maize

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