Spatial and Temporal Deposition of
            <i>Hyphomonas</i>
            Strain VP-6 Capsules Involved in Biofilm Formation

Langille, Stephen E.; Weiner, Ronald M.

doi:10.1128/aem.64.8.2906-2913.1998

Cited by 40 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Synthesis of a holdfast-like adhesin at one cell pole is a broadly conserved trait in Alphaproteobacteria. Examples of species that secrete polar adhesins or form polar rosette aggregates have been described in almost every alphaproteobacterial order, including Rhizobiales (72)(73)(74)(75)(76)(77)(78)(79)(80)(81), Caulobacterales (20,37,65,(82)(83)(84), Rhodobacterales (85)(86)(87)(88)(89)(90), and Sphingomonadales (91)(92)(93). Exceptions are Rhodospirillales and Rickettsiales, which are at the base of the alphaproteobacterial tree (94).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Caulobacter Cell Surface Structures in Colonization of the Air-Liquid Interface

Fiebig

2019

J Bacteriol

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In aquatic environments, Caulobacter spp. can be found at the boundary between liquid and air known as the neuston. I report an approach to study temporal features of Caulobacter crescentus colonization and pellicle biofilm development at the air-liquid interface and have defined the role of cell surface structures in this process. At this interface, C. crescentus initially forms a monolayer of cells bearing a surface adhesin known as the holdfast. When excised from the liquid surface, this monolayer strongly adheres to glass. The monolayer subsequently develops into a three-dimensional structure that is highly enriched in clusters of stalked cells known as rosettes. As this pellicle film matures, it becomes more cohesive and less adherent to a glass surface. A mutant strain lacking a flagellum does not efficiently reach the surface, and strains lacking type IV pili exhibit defects in organization of the three-dimensional pellicle. Strains unable to synthesize the holdfast fail to accumulate at the boundary between air and liquid and do not form a pellicle. Phase-contrast images support a model whereby the holdfast functions to trap C. crescentus cells at the air-liquid boundary. Unlike the holdfast, neither the flagellum nor type IV pili are required for C. crescentus to partition to the air-liquid interface. While it is well established that the holdfast enables adherence to solid surfaces, this study provides evidence that the holdfast has physicochemical properties that allow partitioning of nonmotile mother cells to the air-liquid interface and facilitate colonization of this microenvironment. IMPORTANCE In aquatic environments, the boundary at the air interface is often highly enriched with nutrients and oxygen. Colonization of this niche likely confers a significant fitness advantage in many cases. This study provides evidence that the cell surface adhesin known as a holdfast enables Caulobacter crescentus to partition to and colonize the air-liquid interface. Additional surface structures, including the flagellum and type IV pili, are important determinants of colonization and biofilm formation at this boundary. Considering that holdfast-like adhesins are broadly conserved in Caulobacter spp. and other members of the diverse class Alphaproteobacteria, these surface structures may function broadly to facilitate colonization of air-liquid boundaries in a range of ecological contexts, including freshwater, marine, and soil ecosystems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Caulobacter Cell Surface Structures in Colonization of the Air-Liquid Interface

Fiebig

2019

J Bacteriol

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“…Another prosthecatum bacterium, Hyphomonas VP-6, produces two different EPSs, a capsule and holdfast EPS, involved in the first step of biofilm formation ( Table 2 ) [ 98 ].…”

Section: Structure Of Exopolysaccharides (Epss) From Marine Bactermentioning

confidence: 99%

Exopolysaccharides from Marine and Marine Extremophilic Bacteria: Structures, Properties, Ecological Roles and Applications

et al. 2018

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The marine environment is the largest aquatic ecosystem on Earth and it harbours microorganisms responsible for more than 50% of total biomass of prokaryotes in the world. All these microorganisms produce extracellular polymers that constitute a substantial part of the dissolved organic carbon, often in the form of exopolysaccharides (EPS). In addition, the production of these polymers is often correlated to the establishment of the biofilm growth mode, during which they are important matrix components. Their functions include adhesion and colonization of surfaces, protection of the bacterial cells and support for biochemical interactions between the bacteria and the surrounding environment. The aim of this review is to present a summary of the status of the research about the structures of exopolysaccharides from marine bacteria, including capsular, medium released and biofilm embedded polysaccharides. Moreover, ecological roles of these polymers, especially for those isolated from extreme ecological niches (deep-sea hydrothermal vents, polar regions, hypersaline ponds, etc.), are reported. Finally, relationships between the structure and the function of the exopolysaccharides are discussed.

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“…6C). Fluorescent lectins and CLSM were used to localize carbohydrates in various environments (Holloway, 1997;Neu and Lawrence, 1997;Langille and Weiner, 1998;Neu and Lawrence, 1999;Johnsen et al, 2000;Strathmann et al, 2002;Wigglesworth-Cooksey and Cooksey, 2005). However, this is the first report of the use of lectins to localize EPS in biofilms developed in the rhizosphere.…”

Section: Exopolysaccharide Localization In Planta: Eps Contributes Tomentioning

confidence: 99%

The exopolysaccharide of Rhizobium sp. YAS34 is not necessary for biofilm formation on Arabidopsis thaliana and Brassica napus roots but contributes to root colonization

Santaella

Schué

Berge

et al. 2008

Environmental Microbiology

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Microbial exopolysaccharides (EPSs) play key roles in plant–microbe interactions, such as biofilm formation on plant roots and legume nodulation by rhizobia. Here, we focused on the function of an EPS produced by Rhizobium sp. YAS34 in the colonization and biofilm formation on non-legume plant roots (Arabidopsis thaliana and Brassica napus). Using random transposon mutagenesis, we isolated an EPS-deficient mutant of strain YAS34 impaired in a glycosyltransferase gene (gta). Wild type and mutant strains were tagged with a plasmid-born GFP and, for the first time, the EPS produced by the wild-type strain was seen in the rhizosphere using selective carbohydrate probing with a fluorescent lectin and confocal laser-scanning microscopy. We show for the fist time that Rhizobium forms biofilms on roots of non-legumes, independently of the EPS synthesis. When produced by strain YAS34 wild type, EPS is targeted at specific parts of the plant root system. Nutrient fluctuations, root exudates and bacterial growth phase can account for such a production pattern. The EPS synthesis in Rhizobium sp. YAS34 is not essential for biofilm formation on roots, but is critical to colonization of the basal part of the root system and increasing the stability of root-adhering soil. Thus, in Rhizobium sp. YAS34 and non-legume interactions, microbial EPS is implicated in root–soil interface, root colonization, but not in biofilm formation.

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Spatial and Temporal Deposition of Hyphomonas Strain VP-6 Capsules Involved in Biofilm Formation

Cited by 40 publications

References 28 publications

Role of Caulobacter Cell Surface Structures in Colonization of the Air-Liquid Interface

Role of Caulobacter Cell Surface Structures in Colonization of the Air-Liquid Interface

Exopolysaccharides from Marine and Marine Extremophilic Bacteria: Structures, Properties, Ecological Roles and Applications

The exopolysaccharide of Rhizobium sp. YAS34 is not necessary for biofilm formation on Arabidopsis thaliana and Brassica napus roots but contributes to root colonization

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