Spatial and temporal distribution of pesticide air concentrations in Canadian agricultural regions

Yao, Yuan; Tuduri, Ludovic; Harner, Tom; Blanchard, Pierrette; Waite, Don T.; Poissant, Laurier; Murphy, Clair; Belzer, Wayne; Aulagnier, Fabien; Li, Yifan; Sverko, Ed

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2006.03.039

Cited by 120 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The occurrence of dieldrin in the atmosphere is mainly due to re-emission from historically treated soils and the use of aldrin, which can be converted to dieldrin in the environment. 27 In agreement with this statement, slightly higher dieldrin concentrations were observed between May and August ( Fig. 1 ESI †).…”

Section: Ocp Concentrations and Seasonal Variationssupporting

confidence: 78%

Three years (2008–2010) of measurements of atmospheric concentrations of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) at Station Nord, North-East Greenland

Bossi

Skjøth

Skov

2013

Environ. Sci.: Processes Impacts

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Hexachlorobenzene (HCB), endosulfan I and hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs) were the predominant compounds detected in the atmosphere, followed by p,p 0 -DDE and dieldrin. Chlordane isomers and related compounds (trans-and cis-chlordanes, heptachlor and heptachlor epoxide, trans-and cis-nonachlor) were also detected. Atmospheric concentrations of the investigated compounds were correlated with temperature using the Clausius-Clapeyron equation in order to obtain information about their transport properties. The correlation between atmospheric concentrations and temperature was not significant for endosulfan I, g-HCH and p,p 0 -DDT, which indicates that direct transport from direct sources is the dominating transport mechanism for these compounds. A significant correlation with temperature was found for all the other studied pesticides and pesticide degradation products, which indicates that re-emission of these compounds from previously contaminated surfaces is an important factor for the observed variation in concentrations. Pesticide concentrations were also correlated with sea ice cover. Concentrations of the compounds that have not been in use for decades correlated with temperature and ice cover, while concentrations of compounds still in use did not correlate with either of these parameters. These observations indicate that processes such as revolatilization from the open sea surface are important mediating factors in the dynamics of anthropogenic persistent pollutants in the Arctic environment under the expected influence of climate change processes. Environmental impactThis paper reports for the rst time atmospheric concentrations of organochlorine pesticides in a high Arctic region of Greenland. These data contribute to the general knowledge about transport and dynamics of persistent pollutants in Arctic regions.

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Section: Ocp Concentrations and Seasonal Variationssupporting

confidence: 78%

Three years (2008–2010) of measurements of atmospheric concentrations of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) at Station Nord, North-East Greenland

Bossi

Skjøth

Skov

2013

Environ. Sci.: Processes Impacts

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“…This observation confirms the highly volatile nature of HCB and supports the conclusion by Mclachlan (1996) and Yao et al (2006) that the considerably higher HCB fugacity in soil than in air makes the soil a source of HCB content in the atmosphere. This result might also be useful in assessing human exposure to contaminated wetland.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 78%

Tracing the behaviour of hexachlorobenzene in a paddy soil-rice system over a growth season

Yang

Zheng

Zhu

2008

Journal of Environmental Sciences

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Hexachlorobenzene (HCB), a persistent organic pollutant (POP), has been found in paddy soils. To improve the understanding of HCB contamination in paddy soils, a laboratory simulative study was carried out to investigate the behavior of HCB in a paddy soil and rice plants. This study was divided into three experiments. First, an experiment aimed to examine the evaporation of HCB in paddy soil. In the second experiment, rice was planted in 10 mg/kg HCB contaminated soil and after pot culture at 3, 6, 9, and 27 weeks (at maturity), both soil and plant samplings were scheduled to be sampled. The soil samples comprised rhizosphere soil, nonrhizosphere soil, and unplanted contaminated soil, whereas plant samples included shoots, roots, and rice grains (dehusked). Lastly, in this part, HCB in xylem saps was designed to be examined. The results showed that (1) the HCB translocation from paddy soil to rice by vaporization; (2) the HCB concentration in rice grains was surprisingly high; (3) the observed HCB decrease in rice rhizosphere offers a potential means for in situ HCB degradation; (4) HCB might not be transported along transpiration in rice.

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“…A wide variety of pesticides has been observed in different environmental media, including natural water bodies, soil, and atmosphere [5,6]. Some semivolatile persistent pesticides (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane [DDT], hexachlorocyclohexanes [HCHs], trifluralin, and metolachlor) have been observed to be transported regionally and globally in the atmosphere [7][8][9]. The extent of the pesticide flux from the landscape to the atmosphere is affected by the amount applied, method of application, meteorological conditions, and physical-chemical characteristics of the pesticide.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and fate of the herbicide glyphosate and its degradate aminomethylphosphonic acid in the atmosphere

Chang

Simcik

Capel

2011

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

140

106

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Abstract-This is the first report on the ambient levels of glyphosate, the most widely used herbicide in the United States, and its major degradation product, aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA), in air and rain. Concurrent, weekly integrated air particle and rain samples were collected during two growing seasons in agricultural areas in Mississippi and Iowa. Rain was also collected in Indiana in a preliminary phase of the study. The frequency of glyphosate detection ranged from 60 to 100% in both air and rain. The concentrations of glyphosate ranged from <0.01 to 9.1 ng/m 3 and from <0.1 to 2.5 mg/L in air and rain samples, respectively. The frequency of detection and median and maximum concentrations of glyphosate in air were similar or greater to those of the other high-use herbicides observed in the Mississippi River basin, whereas its concentration in rain was greater than the other herbicides. It is not known what percentage of the applied glyphosate is introduced into the air, but it was estimated that up to 0.7% of application is removed from the air in rainfall.

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Spatial and temporal distribution of pesticide air concentrations in Canadian agricultural regions

Cited by 120 publications

References 29 publications

Three years (2008–2010) of measurements of atmospheric concentrations of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) at Station Nord, North-East Greenland

Three years (2008–2010) of measurements of atmospheric concentrations of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) at Station Nord, North-East Greenland

Tracing the behaviour of hexachlorobenzene in a paddy soil-rice system over a growth season

Occurrence and fate of the herbicide glyphosate and its degradate aminomethylphosphonic acid in the atmosphere

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