Spatial and Temporal Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Hemileia vastatrix from Peruvian Coffee Plantations

Quispe-Apaza, Cinthia; Mansilla, Roberto; Espejo, Rosa; Bernacchia, Giovanni; Yabar-Larios, Marisela; López-Bonilla, César

doi:10.5423/ppj.oa.10.2020.0192

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Furthermore, the unstructured population of H. vastatrix could result from asexual reproduction ( Ramírez-Camejo et al, 2021 ). The results of this study are similar to those from studies in the coffee-growing regions of Peru and Brazil ( Maia et al, 2013 ; Cabral et al, 2016 ; Quispe-Apaza et al, 2017 , 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Incidence of Coffee Leaf Rust in Vietnam, Possible Original Sources and Subsequent Pathways of Migration

Okane

Ono

et al. 2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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This research focused on the incidence and population genetics of coffee leaf rust (CLR) fungus, Hemileia vastatrix, to estimate the possible original source(s) and subsequent migration pathways of wind-borne and human-aided spores in three main coffee production regions (Northwest, Central Highlands, and Southeast) in Vietnam. In southern Vietnam (Central Highlands and Southeast), Coffea canephora covers the majority area, while Catimor lines of C. arabica accounts for 95% of the coffee plantations in northwestern Vietnam. Field surveys conducted at eighty-five plantations, show coffee leaf samples infected by the rust fungus across forty-one plantations. Catimor varieties exhibited high levels of susceptibility with severe rust symptoms, while robusta varieties had varying degrees of susceptibility. We analyzed 863−869 base pairs of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region from 83 samples (41 sequences from Vietnam, 2 from Thailand, and the remaining 40 from American countries); and fifty-two haplotypes consisting of 123 polymorphic sites were detected. Although the analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicates significant genetic differentiation in the H. vastatrix populations in Vietnam, there was no clear genetic structure with respect to the three geographic areas surveyed. Based on the haplotype network, NeighborNet analysis, and geographical distribution patterns of the haplotypes, five haplotypes were identified as early established, from which most other haplotypes in Vietnam were derived. The early established haplotypes were found in the highest frequency in Northwest Vietnam. This finding corresponds to the earliest record of CLR in Vietnam. The phylogenetic network analysis also illustrated that H. vastatrix had expanded from the northwest to southern Vietnam. Pairwise genetic distance analysis and the geophylogenetic tree also suggests that CLR was first established in the Northwest. In addition, some scattered individuals on the principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) diagram and several separated haplotypes in the phylogenetic networks indicated that other branches of CLR in Vietnam were initiated in the Central Highlands. Hemileia vastatrix from these branches have been spreading in southern Vietnam.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Incidence of Coffee Leaf Rust in Vietnam, Possible Original Sources and Subsequent Pathways of Migration

Okane

Ono

et al. 2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…However, the diversity of the H. vastatrix population may be subject to selection pressure from the resistance genes of the cultivated coffee cultivars, which could lead to the introduction of new pathogen variations. As a result, there is currently a good chance that new pathogen variations will appear [50]. Therefore, it is crucial to investigate the genetic diversity and population structure of plant pathogens in order to monitor pathogen evolution, create disease control measures, and understand fungal epidemiology [41].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Occurrence of Coffee Leaf Rust Caused by Hemileia vastatrix on Coffee in Saudi Arabia

Alhudaib,

Ismail

2024

Microbiology Research

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Coffee leaf rust (CLR) is a major disease of Arabica coffee caused by the biotrophic fungus Hemileia vastatrix. Jazan region in Saudi Arabia has long been one of the last coffee-producing regions in the world free of this disease. In August 2023, CLR was initially observed in coffee plantations located in Fyfa district one of the main coffee-producing mountains of Jazan region. The source of the infection is unknown, however CLR could have entered Jazan from the nearest coffee-producing locations that haven the pathogen. During a scheduled survey in August 2023, symptoms were observed including yellowish-orange lesions that frequently combined to form chlorotic lesions and exhibited the powdery appearance of yellow uredospores on the abaxial surface of leaves. The uredospores and teliospores were microscopically examined and their morphology matched the previously published description for H. vastatrix. The identity of H. vastatrix specimens was further confirmed based on PCR amplification and sequencing of ITS, sharing a 99–100% identity with previously published sequences, as belonging to H. vastatrix. The pathogenicity of H. vastatrix specimens was investigated on Coffee arabica plants under growth chamber conditions, and all were pathogenic relative to control, with 100% of disease incidence, therefore fulfilling Koch’s postulates. Based on our findings, this is the first documentation of H. vastatrix causing CLR in Saudi Arabia.

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“…Studies focused on determining coffee genotypes susceptible or resistant to rust and their respective degrees of severity are carried out largely in the field, taking advantage of natural conditions for the disease spread (Julca-Otiniano et al, 2019;Gutiérrez-Calle et al, 2021;Dilas-Jiménez et al, 2022), uncontrolled conditions that could influence the results. These studies also focus on determining the genetic diversity of H. vastatrix and its distribution area (Gamarra et al, 2021;Quispe-Apaza et al, 2021;Le et al, 2022;Ramírez-Camejo et al, 2022). Studies have also been reported where genotypes of interest are evaluated under greenhouse conditions using a H. vastatrix uredospore suspension obtained from infected coffee leaves of plants in field (Bustamante et al, 2001;Paredes-Espinosa et al, 2023).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Massive production of Hemileia vastatrix uredospores for infection of Coffea arabica seedlings

Hernández-Amasifuen,

Rivadeneyra-Chisquipama,

Padilla-Dominguez

et al. 2023

Sci. agropecu.

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Coffee leaf rust (Hemileia vastatrix) is the most important disease in coffee crops around the world. Currently, there is limited knowledge about mass production methodologies and ex-situ infection of H. vastatrix that lead to the development of different health characterization studies of Coffea or disease phenotyping. In this context, the aim of this research was to develop a simple protocol for the mass production of coffee rust uredospores under controlled conditions and to determine their infection in coffee seedlings. Uredospores of H. vastatrix were collected from infected plants in the “Chontal” coffee-growing area in San Martín, Peru. The viability of uredospore germination was evaluated, and a uredospores suspension (2 x 105 uredospores/mL) was prepared to inoculate coffee seedlings. Incidence and sporulation rates were evaluated after 43 days of inoculation. During the multiplication process of H. vastatrix uredospores, using controlled conditions (23±1 °C, ≈ 80% relative humidity and photoperiod of 16 hours of light) under an innovative system, the first symptoms of chlorosis were observed on coffee leaves 20 days after inoculation. Our findings show a 100% incidence of inoculated coffee plants with an average of 54 mg of H. vastatrix uredospores per plant and a 1.38 x 10-1 mg/cm2 sporulation rate. Finally, here we report a protocol that allows mass multiplication of H. vastatrix uredospores under controlled conditions, that would be useful in any time for coffee leaf rust bioassays.

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Spatial and Temporal Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Hemileia vastatrix from Peruvian Coffee Plantations

Cited by 7 publications

References 47 publications

Incidence of Coffee Leaf Rust in Vietnam, Possible Original Sources and Subsequent Pathways of Migration

Incidence of Coffee Leaf Rust in Vietnam, Possible Original Sources and Subsequent Pathways of Migration

First Occurrence of Coffee Leaf Rust Caused by Hemileia vastatrix on Coffee in Saudi Arabia

Massive production of Hemileia vastatrix uredospores for infection of Coffea arabica seedlings

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