Spatial and temporal variability of POC in the northeast Subarctic Pacific

Bishop, J. K.; Calvert, Steven E.; Soon, Maureen

doi:10.1016/s0967-0645(99)00081-8

Cited by 89 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The introduction of the first commercial transmissometers spawned the investigation of PM and particulate organic carbon concentration (POC) relationships with beam attenuation coefficient (Bishop, 1986(Bishop, , 1999Bishop et al, 1999Bishop et al, , 1992Bishop and Joyce, 1986;Bishop and Wood, 2008;Cetinic et al, 2012;Gardner, 1989a;Gardner et al, 1985Gardner et al, , 2003Gardner et al, , 1993Hill et al, 2011;Karageorgis et al, 2008Karageorgis et al, , 2014Neukermans et al, 2012). The beam attenuation coefficient was found to be a better proxy for POC than for PM for waters dominated by biogenic particles, having a smaller intercept and a significantly higher correlation coefficient (Bishop, 1999;Gardner et al, 2003).…”

Section: Commercial Technology To Measure Optical Properties In-situmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gardner et al (1993) found in a North Atlantic study, that inclusion of the particles settling to the bottom of a Niskin bottle (Gardner, 1977) made no significant improvement to the correlation between PM and c p ; it did, however, increase the slope of the regression by 40%, demonstrating that the settled particles (likely large aggregates) contributed significantly to c p . Bishop and co-workers (Bishop, 1999;Bishop et al, 1999;Wood, 2008, andBishop et al, 2012) have found that inclusion of the >51 lm particle size-fraction improves the correlation of POC to c p relationships. They found that a single scaling factor relates POC and c p in oligotrophic waters near Hawaii and in productive waters of the Oyashio (see Fig.…”

Section: Commercial Technology To Measure Optical Properties In-situmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sensors to measure marine particles have been routinely deployed on CTD rosettes (Bishop and Joyce, 1986;Bishop et al, 1992;Bishop et al, 2012;Bishop, 1999;Bishop and Wood, 2008;Dickey et al, 2006;Gardner et al, 1985;Gardner et al, 1993;Gardner et al, 2001;Hill et al, 2011;Karp-Boss et al, 2004;Stemmann et al, 2008a), during deployments of large volume insitu filtration systems (Bishop, 1999;Bishop et al, 1999;Bishop et al, 2012;Bishop and Wood, 2008;Moran et al, 1999), on slow-drop packages (packages that fall under their own weight, Barnard et al, 1998), towed pumping systems, (Holser et al, 2011), AUVs and profiling floats Bishop and Wood, 2009;Bishop et al, 2004;Boss et al, 2008;Checkley et al, 2008;Dickey et al, 2008), submarines, bottom tripods (Gardner et al, 1985;Slade et al, 2011) and moorings (Dickey et al, 2006;Gardner, 1989aGardner, , 1989bRichardson et al, 1993). Consideration of deployment platform should include potential of platform interference with particles (e.g.…”

Section: Deployment Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optical techniques for remote and in-situ characterization of particles pertinent to GEOTRACES

Boss

Guidi

Richardson

et al. 2015

Progress in Oceanography

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a b s t r a c tField and laboratory characterization of marine particles is laborious and expensive. Proxies of particle properties have been developed that allow researchers to obtain high frequency distributions of such properties in space or time. We focus on optical techniques used to characterize marine particles in-situ, with a focus on GEOTRACES-relevant properties, such as bulk properties including particle mass, crosssectional area, particle size distribution, particle shape information, and also single particle optical properties, such as individual particle type and size. We also address the use of optical properties of particles to infer particulate organic or inorganic carbon. In addition to optical sensors we review advances in imaging technology and its use to study marine particles in situ. This review addresses commercially available technology and techniques that can be used as a proxy for particle properties and the associated uncertainties with particular focus to open ocean environments, the focus of GEOTRACES.

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Section: Commercial Technology To Measure Optical Properties In-situmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Commercial Technology To Measure Optical Properties In-situmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Deployment Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optical techniques for remote and in-situ characterization of particles pertinent to GEOTRACES

Boss

Guidi

Richardson

et al. 2015

Progress in Oceanography

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“…Thirdly, two c p maxima (at 22 and 85 m) are also observable at station A, where only one TChl-a maximum is measured. Finally, compared with the fluorescence and particulate attenuation profiles, particulate backscattering profiles exhibit numerous brief and large spikes, which may be related to the presence of either aggregates or zooplankton (Bishop et al, 1999;Gardner et al 2000). A combination of vertical profiles of particulate scattering coefficients and fluorescence profiles have previously been used to explain the origin of variability of TChl-a within the whole water column (Kitchen and Zaneveld, 1990;Loisel and Morel, 1998).…”

Section: Vertical Profiles Of Particulate Attenuation and Backscattermentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the bio-optical anomaly and diurnal variability of particulate matter, as seen from scattering and backscattering coefficients, in ultra-oligotrophic eddies of the Mediterranean Sea

et al. 2011

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Abstract. The variability of inherent optical properties is investigated in the ultra-oligotrophic waters of the Mediterranean Sea sampled during the BOUM experiment performed during early summer 2008. Bio-optical relationships found for ultra-oligotrophic waters of the three anticyclonic gyres sampled significantly depart from the mean standard relationships provided for the global ocean, confirming the peculiar character of these Mediterranean waters. These optical anomalies are diversely related to the specific biological and environmental conditions occurring in the studied ecosystem. Specifically, the surface specific phytoplankton absorption coefficient exhibits values lower than those expected from the general relationships mainly in relation with a high contribution of relatively large sized phytoplankton. Conversely, the particulate backscattering coefficient, b bp , values are much higher than the mean standard values for a given chlorophyll-a concentration, TChl-a. This feature can presumably be related to the relevant influence of highly refractive submicrometer particles of Saharan origin in the surface layer of the water column. The present measurements Correspondence to: H. Loisel (hubert.loisel@univ-littoral.fr) also show that the Mediterranean Sea is greener than TChla alone indicates, as already stressed in previous studies. This color anomaly is partly explained by the estimated colored dissolved organic matter and submicrometer particles absorption coefficients, and to a greater extent by the high b bp /TChl-a values assuming that these particles backscatter light similarly in the green and blue parts of the visible spectrum. The diel variation of both the particulate matter attenuation and backscattering coefficients were also investigated specifically. Despite some differences in the timing and the magnitude of the daily oscillations found for these optical parameters, potential for the backscattering coefficient daily oscillation to be used, similarly to that for the attenuation coefficient, as a proxy for estimating carbon community production budget has been highlighted for the first time. This result is particularly relevant for present and future geostationary spatial ocean color missions.

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“…2a). Other studies have shown much tighter correlations between beam attenuation and POC concentration (Bishop, 1999;Bishop et al, 1999;Chung et al, 1998;Gardner et al, 1993Gardner et al, , 1995Gardner et al, , 2003Gardner et al, , 2006Mishonov et al, 2003;Stramska & Stramski, 2005;Stramski et al, 1999), but previous studies primarily used data from open ocean environments, that did not include coastal areas close to the output of large rivers.…”

Section: Water Mass Classification Using Beam Attenuation Poc and Pmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multispectral remote-sensing algorithms for particulate organic carbon (POC): The Gulf of Mexico

Son

Gardner

Mishonov³

et al. 2009

Remote Sensing of Environment

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To greatly increase the spatial and temporal resolution for studying carbon dynamics in the marine environment, we have developed remote sensing algorithms for particulate organic carbon (POC) by matching in-situ POC measurements in the Gulf of Mexico with matching SeaWiFS remote sensing reflectance. Data on total particulate matter (PM) as well as POC collected during nine cruises in spring, summer and early winter from 1997-2000 as part of the Northeastern Gulf of Mexico (NEGOM) study were used to test algorithms across a range of environments from low %POC coastal waters to high %POC open ocean waters. Finding that the remote-sensing reflectance clearly exhibited a peak shift from blue to green wavelengths with increasing POC concentration, we developed a maximum normalized difference carbon index (MNDCI) algorithm which uses the maximum band ratio of all available blue-to-green wavelengths, and provides a very robust estimate over a wide range of POC and PM concentrations (R 2 =0.99, N=58). The algorithm can be extrapolated throughout the region of shipboard sampling for more detailed coverage and analysis.

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Spatial and temporal variability of POC in the northeast Subarctic Pacific

Cited by 89 publications

References 38 publications

Optical techniques for remote and in-situ characterization of particles pertinent to GEOTRACES

Optical techniques for remote and in-situ characterization of particles pertinent to GEOTRACES

Characterization of the bio-optical anomaly and diurnal variability of particulate matter, as seen from scattering and backscattering coefficients, in ultra-oligotrophic eddies of the Mediterranean Sea

Multispectral remote-sensing algorithms for particulate organic carbon (POC): The Gulf of Mexico

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