Spatial and vertical distribution of microplastics and their ecological risk in an Indian freshwater lake ecosystem

Laju, R.L.; Jayanthi, M.; Jeyasanta, K. Immaculate; Patterson, Jamila; Asir, N. Gladwin Gnana; Sathish, Narmatha; Edward, J. K. Patterson

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153337

Cited by 47 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…Thirteen articles have investigated the presence of MPs in various sources of water, including lakes (5), rivers (7), groundwater (3), and glaciers (snow and stream; 1). The samples were collected from depths ranging from 20 cm to 3–5 m using plankton nets with different mesh sizes (20, 100, 120, 300, 333, and 335 m). ,− Some studies used a stainless-steel bucket and sieved stainless-steel mesh, , while Napper et al used a hand-operated bilge pump with a targeted MPs size range (>300 μm) to collect river surface water from a depth of 0.5 m from the Ganga River, which was then filtered through a 330 μm nylon mesh. The amount of water sampled was determined by attaching a flow meter to the manta trawl net.…”

Section: Sample Collection Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Van-Veen grab samplers were also employed to obtain samples from the bottom surface or underwater, while shore samples (from lakes and rivers) were collected using stainless steel spoons/scoops with sampling depths ranging from 0 to 6 cm. Laju et al collected core sediments to analyze the vertical distribution of MPs from India, which included 16 studies. The sampling units used for MPs were reported as particles/kg, particles/kg of dw, and items/kg, and some studies reported MP particles …”

Section: Sample Collection Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In most cases, sediment samples were sieved using various mesh sizes, such as 10 mm, 5 mm, ,,, 2 mm, ,, 1 mm, ,, 0.3 mm, ,, 850 μm, and 63 μm . With the exception of Tsering et al, most studies dissolved organic matter by digesting with 30% H 2 O 2 before density separation.…”

Section: Mps Separation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MPs were extracted from sediments using the density separation method, utilizing NaCl in six studies, ZnCl 2 in five studies, and Na 2 WO 4 ·2H 2 O in two studies. After digestion and density separation, the supernatant fraction was filtered using filter paper with various mesh sizes, such as 0.2 μm, 0.45 μm, ,, 0.7 μm, 5 μm, , and 0.8 μm . Amrutha and Warrier used 1 mm and 0.3 mm sieves to separate the supernatant into two fractions, which were then transferred to two watch glasses and dried for further examination under a microscope and spectroscopic studies.…”

Section: Mps Separation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microplastics in Freshwater Ecosystems of India: Current Trends and Future Perspectives

Neelavannan,

Sen

2023

ACS Omega

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Microplastics (MPs)�i.e., plastic particles less than 5 mm in length�are becoming a growing environmental concern due to their potential ecotoxicological impacts on aquatic ecosystems. In India, MPs contamination is a significantly growing problem due to increased plastic production as well as its low rate of recycling. As a result, MPs research work in India has gained considerable attention in the last two decades. The objective of this study is to conduct a comprehensive review of the existing scientific literature on MPs in freshwater ecosystems (e.g., lakes and rivers) of India. A bibliographical search was used to conduct the literature review across a number of databases including ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and ResearchGate. We found that in comparison to the marine ecosystem the source, transport, and fate of MPs in freshwater ecosystems of India are still underexplored, and we found only 18 relevant papers. This review work reveals that there is no standard procedure for separating MPs from water and sediment samples, and as a result, comparing the results was a challenging task. The larger MPs (>500 μm) in water and sediments were identified most commonly using the attenuated total reflection (ATR) Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy technique (ATR-FTIR), whereas smaller-sized MPs (<500 μm) were identified using FTIR fitted with a confocal microscope, also known as μ-FTIR imaging or chemical imaging. We found that white-colored fibers and fragments of polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and polyethylene (PE) were the most common polymer types in the freshwater ecosystems of India. Although research on MPs in freshwater ecosystems of India has gained momentum over the past decade, the literature review reveals a limited understanding of the impact of MPs' weathering patterns, the role of biofouling, and the role of water hyacinths on freshwater ecosystem services in India. Furthermore, the fluxes of MPs to the Indian oceans are not constrained, and atmospheric transport in high-altitude mountains, which have already been made fragile by climate change, has not been fully investigated. This study, therefore, calls for additional assessments of MPs in freshwater ecosystems�particularly in the central parts of India.

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Section: Sample Collection Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sample Collection Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mps Separation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mps Separation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microplastics in Freshwater Ecosystems of India: Current Trends and Future Perspectives

Neelavannan,

Sen

2023

ACS Omega

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“…Moreover, thermal stratification (TS) is an important hydrological process in deep reservoirs that can affect the transport of matter and energy in the water column . Although previous studies have reported vertical heterogeneity of MPs, − it is still unclear whether TS has an effect on the vertical differentiation of MPs in deep reservoirs or lakes. Lin et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertical Differentiation of Microplastics Influenced by Thermal Stratification in a Deep Reservoir

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2023

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Microplastics (MPs) are an emerging environmental concern. However, vertical transport of MPs remains unclear, particularly in deep reservoirs with thermal stratification (TS). In this study, the vertical variation in MP organization, stability, migration, and the driving factors of the profile in a deep reservoir were comprehensively explored. This is the first observation that TS interfaces in a deep reservoir act as a buffer area to retard MP subsidence, especially at the interface between the epilimnion and the metalimnion. Interestingly, there was a size-selection phenomenon for MP sinking. In particular, the high accumulation of largesized MPs (LMPs; >300 μm) indicated that LMPs were more susceptible to dramatic changes in water density at the TS interfaces. Furthermore, simultaneous analysis of water parameters and MP surface characteristics showed that the drivers of MP deposition were biological to abiotic transitions during different layers, which were influenced by algae and metals. Specifically, scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and microscopic Fourier transform infrared analyses implied that the occurrence of metals on the MP surface can promote MP deposition in the hypolimnion. Our findings demonstrated that TS significantly influenced the MP fate in deep reservoirs, and the hotspot of MP exposure risk for vulnerable benthic organisms on the reservoir floor deserves more attention.

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Microplastics and associated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface water and sediment of the Bay of Bengal coastal area, India: sources, pathway and ecological risk

Patidar,

Ambade,

Alshehri

2024

Environ Geochem Health

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Spatial and vertical distribution of microplastics and their ecological risk in an Indian freshwater lake ecosystem

Cited by 47 publications

References 76 publications

Microplastics in Freshwater Ecosystems of India: Current Trends and Future Perspectives

Microplastics in Freshwater Ecosystems of India: Current Trends and Future Perspectives

Vertical Differentiation of Microplastics Influenced by Thermal Stratification in a Deep Reservoir

Microplastics and associated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface water and sediment of the Bay of Bengal coastal area, India: sources, pathway and ecological risk

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