Spatial bifurcations of fixed points and limit cycles during the electrochemical oxidation of H2 on Pt ring-electrodes

Grauel, Peter; Varela, Hamilton; Krischer, Katharina

doi:10.1039/b103345j

Cited by 35 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…(See [24] for 3D animations and current time series of the experimental and theoretical data.) Furthermore, these theoretical results suggest that A-TPs and target patterns observed for different applied voltages are no global attractors but coexist, the mixed state reported in [16] resulting from a glueing bifurcation of these two attractors. This hypothesis is supported by recent experiments.…”

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confidence: 91%

“…In a previous paper [16], some of us reported novel types of experimentally observed patterns arising during an electrochemical reaction, however, without being able to explain the origin of the unusual dynamics. In this Letter, employing a realistic model, we demonstrate that some of the patterns are indeed unique to systems with nonlocal coupling, thus bridging, to our knowledge for the first time, the gap between experimental observations and theoretical predictions of dynamical states in nonlocally coupled systems.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first experimental observation of an A-TP was reported in [16] and is reprinted in Fig. 4(a) for a convenient comparison with the theoretical data given in Figure 1.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In [16] the question was raised if the asymmetric behavior observed in experiment is due to nonuniformities on the electrode surface. The observation of an irregular A-TP [ Fig.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The above mentioned experiments [16] were carried out with the oscillatory hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) in the presence of poisons on a Pt ring. The dimensions of the ring were chosen such that pattern formation occurs only along the angular direction.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Asymmetric Target Patterns in One-Dimensional Oscillatory Media with Genuine Nonlocal Coupling

2005

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We report the observation of a self-organized asymmetric wave source in a one-dimensional (1D) electrochemical system, namely, the hydrogen oxidation reaction on Pt in the presence of poisons. Numerical simulations reveal that the nonlocal migration coupling is crucial for the endogenous persistence of the perturbation that causes the asymmetry. Experiments and simulations agree perfectly for the regular and irregular variant of these asymmetric waves, manifesting the existence of nonlocal coupling induced patterns also in physical systems.

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confidence: 91%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first experimental observation of an A-TP was reported in [16] and is reprinted in Fig. 4(a) for a convenient comparison with the theoretical data given in Figure 1.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In [16] the question was raised if the asymmetric behavior observed in experiment is due to nonuniformities on the electrode surface. The observation of an irregular A-TP [ Fig.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Asymmetric Target Patterns in One-Dimensional Oscillatory Media with Genuine Nonlocal Coupling

2005

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Oscillations and other dynamic instabilities

Krischer

Varela

2010

Handbook of Fuel Cells

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Virtually any electrochemical reaction exhibits temporal or spatial instabilities, such as bistable reaction rates, spontaneous rate oscillations and the formation of propagating potential waves, in some ranges of the external parameters. Most of these instabilities are associated with a negative real faradaic impedance Z F (ω), whereby two cases are distinguished: Either the stationary polarization curve possesses a negative differential resistance, i.e., Z F (ω = 0) < 0, or Z F is negative only in a certain interval of finite perturbation frequencies ω. The first type of systems may oscillate if a fixed voltage is applied to the cell (i.e., under potentiostatic control), the second class exhibits oscillations under potentiostatic and galvanostatic conditions. Most of the oxidation reactions of small organic molecules belong to the second class. We first discuss general properties of systems falling in either of these two categories. Then we present a survey on temporal and spatial nonlinear phenomena observed in fuel cell relevant electrocatalytic reactions and deduce the reaction steps essential for the instability in the individual reactions.

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Self‐Organized Formation of Layered Nanostructures by Oscillatory Electrodeposition

Nakanishi

2008

Nanostructured Materials in Electrochemistry

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Solid surfaces with ordered nanostructures, such as layers, dots, holes, and grooves (or ridges), have provided unique microelectronic, optical, magnetic, and micromechanical properties, as summarized in a recent review [1]. Focused photon-, electron-, ion-, and molecular-beam lithography (top-down method) have been widely used for creating desired nanostructures at the surface. However, these techniques are now facing serious problems, such as difficulties in mass production and cost increases due to the use of expensive, specialized apparatus. In the hope of overcoming those problems associated with the conventional techniques, a self-organization method (bottom-up method) has recently attracted much attention.In general, self-organization methods in chemistry can be categorized into two different types. One type is self-organization under thermodynamically equilibrium conditions, in which the ordered structures are formed on the basis of specific properties of intermolecular forces. Self-assembled structures, such as lipidbilayers, close-packed layers of nanospheres, and monolayers of thiol molecules on gold surfaces, are the representative examples. Many studies have been performed on this type of self-organization, as summarized in reviews [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. At present, the main issues to be tackled for these methods are to improve their regularity and to be able to place nanostructures of desired size at desired locations. In the other type of self-organization, the ordered structures are formed under thermodynamically nonequilibrium conditions. A wide variety of dynamic spatiotemporal orders, such as oscillations and spatiotemporal patterns, appear in a self-organization manner [10][11][12][13].The spatiotemporal patterns in the dynamic self-organization phenomena have some unique and attractive properties for producing materials of ordered structures: j267 Nanostructured Materials in Electrochemistry. Edited by Ali Eftekhari . The patterns appear spontaneously, without any external control. . The observed patterns have a long-range order. . Various ordered patterns are obtained simply by changing experimental parameters.In fact, several studies have been performed on the application of dynamic selforganization for the formation of ordered structures. For example, the self-organized formation of 2-dimensional (2D) ordered patterns on nano-and micro-meter scales have been achieved by use of , etching [15,16], and dewetting processes [17,18]. These ordered 2D patterns on solid surfaces have already been used in practical applications as templates for constructing three-dimensional (3D) structures and substrates for the incubation of biological cells. 268j 6 Self-Organized Formation of Layered Nanostructures by Oscillatory Electrodeposition 274j 6 Self-Organized Formation of Layered Nanostructures by Oscillatory Electrodeposition

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Spatial bifurcations of fixed points and limit cycles during the electrochemical oxidation of H2 on Pt ring-electrodes

Cited by 35 publications

References 30 publications

Asymmetric Target Patterns in One-Dimensional Oscillatory Media with Genuine Nonlocal Coupling

Asymmetric Target Patterns in One-Dimensional Oscillatory Media with Genuine Nonlocal Coupling

Oscillations and other dynamic instabilities

Self‐Organized Formation of Layered Nanostructures by Oscillatory Electrodeposition

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