Spatial Distribution and Accessibility Measurements for Elderly Day Care Centers in China’s Urban Built-up Area: The Case of Tianjin Nankai District

Wan, Da; Liu, Hui; Guo, Jiaxing; Guo, Ling; Qi, Dongchen; Zhang, Sheng; Li, Pengbo; Fukuda, Hiroatsu

doi:10.3390/buildings12091413

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…In terms of socio-cultural context and elder care, both China and Italy are characterized by predominantly family-centered societal norms [30,31] and family-based elderly care systems [32]. In the field of community elderly care, Chinese government statistics show that the number of community-based elderly care institutions grew from 19,000 in 2014 to 29,000 in 2017, while the number of community mutual aid facilities increased from 4000 to 8300 and the number of beds for elderly day care only increased from 187,500 to 338,500 [28].…”

Section: Background Of Aging In Community In China and Italymentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Cross-Generational Co-Living Space Configuration in Residential Communities—Case Study in China and Italy Based on Space Syntax

Zhang,

Setola,

Chen

2024

Buildings

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In contemporary society, a notable trend of diminishing family sizes has led to an increasing number of elderly individuals living in solitude, often facing the end of life alone. This phenomenon underscores a critical challenge: addressing the pervasive loneliness experienced by many seniors. In response to this pressing issue, the concept of “cross-generational co-living” emerges as a potential solution. By exploring and implementing cross-generational co-living models, this research contributes to the development of more inclusive, supportive, and adaptable environments. The investigation involved an extensive field study and comprehensive data analysis of twenty-four instances of cross-generational co-living spaces in China and Italy. This analysis utilized space syntax as a fundamental theoretical framework, incorporating convex graphical topological relationship extraction and visibility graph analysis models. The outcomes of the study indicate that the configuration of cross-generational co-living spaces include spatial form, type, location, and the proportion of areas. Spaces arranged in a cluster form are most effective in promoting mutual communication. Spatial types and locations characterized by elevated integration values demonstrate a heightened potential for cross-generational communication. Space possessing a higher integration value typically correlates with a reduced ratio of area discreteness. These findings are instrumental in understanding how cultural and societal variances shape the design and utilization of cross-generational co-living spaces. Consequently, this study provides valuable guidelines for improving environments that are essential for advancing the principles of age-friendly design, which aims to enhance the quality of life for the elderly and foster a more harmonious and interconnected society across all generations.

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Section: Background Of Aging In Community In China and Italymentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Cross-Generational Co-Living Space Configuration in Residential Communities—Case Study in China and Italy Based on Space Syntax

Zhang,

Setola,

Chen

2024

Buildings

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“…However, it does not evaluate the specific spatial matching degree between the layout of PSFs and the population distribution. The locational entropy method can identify specific spatial matching patterns between facility layouts and populations, and it can also be used as a measure of equity for PSFs [25,52], ameliorating some of the methodological shortcomings of "people-based" research. Therefore, this paper also analyzes the spatial pattern of the social equity performance of PSFs using the method of locational entropy.…”

Section: Location Entropymentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Evaluation of the Equity of Public Service Facility Layout in Urumqi City for Sustainable Development

Keyimu,

Abulikemu,

Abudurexiti

2024

Sustainability

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Since the start of the new century, the focus of China’s socioeconomic development has gradually shifted from prioritizing efficiency to social equity, which is an important ingredient of sustainable development. The accessibility of public service facilities (PSFs) is vital for achieving social–spatial sustainability. As a basic tool for arranging PSFs, however, traditional urban plannings mainly focus on the spatial uniform distribution of facilities rather than the variance of the spatial distribution of populations they serve. So, by taking the dual perspective view, this paper quantitatively measures the balance of PSFs’ spatial distribution of and populations of Urumqi City at the sub-district level. Based on point of interest (POI) data, this paper calculates and analyzes Gini coefficients and location entropy of three basic PSF types: living service facilities (LSFs), primary schools and kindergartens (PSAKs), and medical facilities (MFs). The research finds that the Gini coefficients of LSFs, PSAKs, and MFs in Urumqi City are 0.42, 0.36, and 0.34, respectively. Moreover, there are three significant mismatch areas: an extremely high PSF index value in low-population sub-districts, an extremely low index value in remote suburbs, and an extremely low index value in the city center. These findings indicate an obvious imbalance between the spatial distribution of PSFs and the population in Urumqi, which may be a critical impediment to sustainable development. Based on these, this paper offers guidance for achieving sustainability in the allocation of spatial resources.

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“…This provides a reference for optimizing the layout of ECIs. Although there are many researchers using 2SFCA to analyze the accessibility and fairness of elderly-care facilities, existing studies on the fairness of ECIs often focus on a certain level of facility regarding the selection of the object [61,62], which does reflect the Chinese multi-tiered elderly-care facility system. The analysis of multilevel elderly-care facilities also fails to address the comparative study of multilevel accessibility [34,39]; thus, it is necessary to study the evaluation of multilevel elderly-care facility accessibility and equity.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two-Step Floating Catchment Area Method (2SFCA) The two-step floating catchment area method (2SFCA) was first proposed by John Radke and Lan Mu et al (2000) and was further improved by Wei Luo et al (2003) and named 2SFCA[47]. It has been widely used by scholars in the accessibility measurement of various kinds of public service facilities, such as urban green space[23,25,26,58,59], elderlycare facilities[34,35,39,50,60,61,64,65], and healthcare facilities[19,20,[28][29][30][31][32]41,44,48]. The 2SFCA method centers the search on the supply point and demand point, sets a travel limit distance or time as the search radius (i.e., distance threshold), and compares the number of resources or facilities that can be approached by the residents within the two search thresholds; the higher the value, the better the accessibility.…”

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confidence: 99%

Equity Evaluation of Elderly-Care Institutions Based on Ga2SFCA: The Case Study of Jinan, China

Jin,

Deng,

Wang

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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With the deepening trend of aging, the issue of elderly care for the aging population has become a matter of concern for all sectors of society. Elderly-care services have become increasingly vital. Elderly-care institutions, a major component of the elderly-care system, are an important part of public facility resource provision; the spatial distribution of elderly-care institutions (ECIs) directly affects the equitable access of the elderly to public resources. To cope with the current pressure of population aging and limited resources for the elderly, this study aims to explore the relationship between population aging and the supply of ECIs in Jinan, China. Using the ArcGIS platform, this study analyzes the spatial allocation of ECIs, provides improved supply capacity modelling of ECIs based on the Gaussian Two-Step Floating Catchment Area Approach (Ga2SFCA), and evaluates the equity of ECIs in terms of accessibility, supply–demand equity, and spatial equity. The results show that there are large differences in spatial accessibility between different levels of ECIs, there is a mismatch of supply and demand, the number and size of existing ECIs do not meet the needs of the elderly, and the distribution of resources in small ECIs is highly inequitable. These results can provide a guiding direction for optimizing ECIs and urban road network planning and can also provide new insights for urban planners to assess the equity of public service facilities.

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Spatial Distribution and Accessibility Measurements for Elderly Day Care Centers in China’s Urban Built-up Area: The Case of Tianjin Nankai District

Cited by 8 publications

References 34 publications

Analysis of Cross-Generational Co-Living Space Configuration in Residential Communities—Case Study in China and Italy Based on Space Syntax

Analysis of Cross-Generational Co-Living Space Configuration in Residential Communities—Case Study in China and Italy Based on Space Syntax

Quantitative Evaluation of the Equity of Public Service Facility Layout in Urumqi City for Sustainable Development

Equity Evaluation of Elderly-Care Institutions Based on Ga2SFCA: The Case Study of Jinan, China

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