Spatial Distribution and Migration of Cadmium
in Contaminated Soils Associated with
a Geochemical Anomaly: A Case Study
in Southwestern China

Luo, Kehui; Liu, Hongyan; Zhao, Zhikai; Long, Jiahuan; Li, Jiafei; Chang, Jiang; Rao, C. N.

doi:10.15244/pjoes/94847

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The term "geochemical anomaly" refers to the deviation of chemical element content distribution or other chemical indexes from the normal geochemical model in a given space or area (Luo et al, 2019;Zhang and Song, 2018). Guizhou Province is covered by a large area of carbonate rocks and, with its much higher background of heavy metals than other provinces, represents a geochemical anomaly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Superposition Effects of Zinc Smelting Atmospheric Deposition on Soil Heavy Metal Pollution Under Geochemical Anomaly

Liu

et al. 2022

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Guizhou Province is covered by a large area of carbonate rocks where, with a higher background of heavy metals under the geochemical anomaly, more than 3.6 × 105 ha of heavy metal–contaminated soil in the northwest area is related to historical indigenous zinc smelting. To explore the superposition effect of industrial source atmospheric deposition on soil, two watersheds were selected for study: 1) Maoshui reservoir watershed (MS), where there is a zinc smelting plant, and 2) Haishe lake watershed (HS), which was the control. We collected atmospheric depositions and soil for 3 years and analyzed Cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), and zinc (Zn) content. The results show that the heavy metals in the atmospheric deposition of the pollution watershed in MS were much higher than those in the control site, HS. The deposition fluxes of Cd, Pb, Cr, Ni, and Zn in MS were 27.8, 602, 145, 43.9, and 2,225 mg·m−2·a−1, respectively, and were 1.37–2.01 times higher than in HS. Soil heavy metals in MS were 1.01–5.69 times higher than in HS. The elevated concentrations were found focused from northeast to southwest around the plant but was distributed uniformly in HS. The average concentration of Cd, Pb, and Zn in the soil was 6.54, 67.4, and 264 mg·kg−1, respectively, in HS, which represents a high geochemical background even without pollution. After 13 years of deposition by prediction, the contribution of the atmospheric deposition on the soil in the zinc-smelting area was lowest, at 5.10%, for Ni, and highest, at 17.9%, for Cd. Principal component analysis of atmospheric deposition and soil heavy metals reflected that the pollution sources in MS were more diversification than those in HS. Zinc smelting atmospheric deposition showed superposition effects on the accumulation of heavy metals in soil under the geochemical anomaly in this region.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Superposition Effects of Zinc Smelting Atmospheric Deposition on Soil Heavy Metal Pollution Under Geochemical Anomaly

Liu

et al. 2022

Front. Environ. Sci.

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“…Exogenous sources of HMs included mining, industrial sources (such as the metal smelting plants, thermal power plants and alkylation plants) [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ], agricultural sources (fertilizers, pesticides and livestock manure) [ 18 , 19 ] and traffic sources (wear of metal parts and exhaust emission) [ 20 ]. In addition, the soil of the karst area, compared to that of non-karst area, is characterized by thin regoliths, uneven distribution, and high porosity [ 21 , 22 ], which contributed to the migration of HMs from the surface to the subsoil and even contaminated underground water [ 9 , 23 ]. The process by which HMs entered crops from soils consisted of three stages: the movement of HMs in soils, accumulation of HMs in crop roots and transportation of them to the shoots [ 24 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Source Identification and Superposition Effect of Heavy Metals (HMs) in Agricultural Soils at a High Geological Background Area of Karst: A Case Study in a Typical Watershed

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Exogenous sources and the superposition effect of HMs in agricultural soils made the idenfication of sources complicated in a karst area. Here, a typical watershed, a research unit of the karst area, was chosen as the study area. The smaller-scale study of watersheds allowed us to obtain more precise results and to guide local pollution control. In this study, sources of HMs in agricultural soil were traced by a CMB model. Superposition effects were studied by spatial analysis of HMs and enrichment factor (EF) and chemical fraction analysis. The average concentrations of Cd, Pb, Cr, Cu, Ni and Zn in surface soils were 8.71, 333, 154, 51.7, 61.5 and 676 mg∙kg−1, respectively, which exceeded their corresponding background values. The main sources of Cd, Pb and Zn in agricultural soil were rock weathering, atmospheric deposition and livestock manure, and their contributions were 47.7%, 31.0% and 21.2% for Cd; 7.63%, 78.7% and 13.4% for Pb; and 17.0%, 52.3% and 28.1% for Zn. Cr mainly derived from atmospheric deposition (73.8%) and rock weathering (20.0%). Cu and Ni mainly came from livestock manure (81.3%) and weathering (87.5%), respectively, whereas contributions of pesticides and fertilizers were relatively limited (no more than 1.04%). Cd, Pb, Zn and Cu were easily enriched in surface soils near the surrounding pollution sources, whereas Cr and Ni were easily enriched in the high-terrain area, where there was less of an impact of anthropogenic activities. The superposition of exogenous sources caused accumulation of Cd, Pb and Zn in topsoil, contaminated the subsoil through leaching and improved bioavailability of Cd and Pb, causing high ecological risk for agricultural production. Therefore, Cd and Pb should be paid more attention in future pollution control.

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Toxicity of Rhizospheric Cadmium-Contaminated Soil and Its Remediation

Uddin,

Khanom,

Islam

et al. 2024

Cadmium Toxicity

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Spatial Distribution and Migration of Cadmium in Contaminated Soils Associated with a Geochemical Anomaly: A Case Study in Southwestern China

Cited by 9 publications

References 32 publications

Superposition Effects of Zinc Smelting Atmospheric Deposition on Soil Heavy Metal Pollution Under Geochemical Anomaly

Superposition Effects of Zinc Smelting Atmospheric Deposition on Soil Heavy Metal Pollution Under Geochemical Anomaly

Source Identification and Superposition Effect of Heavy Metals (HMs) in Agricultural Soils at a High Geological Background Area of Karst: A Case Study in a Typical Watershed

Toxicity of Rhizospheric Cadmium-Contaminated Soil and Its Remediation

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