Spatial distribution of cold-ice within a temperate glacier – implications for glacier dynamics, sediment transport and foreland geomorphology

Abstract

Abstract. This study suggests that cold-ice processes may be more widespread even within temperate glacial systems, than previously assumed. We present the first direct observations of cold-ice at the snout of the temperate glacier Midtdalsbreen an outlet of the Hardangerjøkulen icefield (Norway) from 43 line-kilometres of ground penetrating radar data. Results show a 40 m-wide cold-ice zone within the majority of the glacier snout, where ice thickness is