Spatial distribution patterns of trunk internal decay of Euphrates poplar riparian forest along the Tarim River, northwest China

Wei, Zhicheng; Halik, Ümüt; Aishan, Tayierjiang; Abliz, Abdulla; Welp, Martin

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2022.120434

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…For example, drilling samples of heartwood and sapwood revealed that some of the trunks were extensively decayed internally and that the heartwood was decayed or in a crumbly state. Consequently, quantitative studies of internal decay in living trees are needed, and characteristics such as the decay ratio, decayed area, volume, and decay orientation need to be quantified using high-precision non-destructive instrumentation, such as Arbotom stress-wave detection and TreeRadar [2,[38][39][40]. In addition, this study was mainly concerned with the physical parameters of the trees and thus can be improved by the addition of chemical (biochemical) parameters at a later stage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Patterns in Tree Cavities (Hollows) in Euphrates Poplar (Populus euphratica, Salicaceae) along the Tarim River in NW China

Aishan,

Mumin,

Halik

et al. 2024

Forests

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Populus euphratica Oliv., an indicator species for eco-environmental change in arid areas, plays a key role in maintaining the stability of fragile oasis–desert ecosystems. Owing to human interference as well as to the harshness of the natural environment, P. euphratica forests have suffered severe damage and degradation, with trunk cavities (i.e., hollows) becoming increasingly pronounced, and thus posing a great threat to the growth, health, and survival of the species. Currently, there is a gap in our understanding of cavity formation and its distribution in P. euphratica. Here, cavities in the trunks and branches of a P. euphratica in a typical transect (Arghan) along the lower Tarim River were studied based on field positioning observations combined with laboratory analysis. The results revealed a large number of hollow-bearing P. euphratica stands in the study area; indeed, trees with hollows accounted for 56% of the sampled trees, with approximately 159 trees/ha. Sixty-six percent of hollow trees exhibited large (15 cm ≤ cavity width (CW) < 30 cm) or very large (CW > 30 cm) hollows. The main types of cavities in the trees were trunk main (31.3%), trunk top (20.7%), branch end (19.5%), and branch middle (19.5%). Tree parameters, such as diameter at breast height (DBH), tree height (TH), east–west crown width (EWCW), height under branches (UBH), and crown loss (CL) were significantly different between hollow and non-hollow trees. Both cavity height and width were significantly and positively correlated with DBH and CL, as well as with average crown width (ACW) (p < 0.001) and the distance from the tree to the river. The proportion of P. euphratica trees with cavities showed an overall increasing trend with increasing groundwater depth. Our findings show that cavities in P. euphratica varied with different tree architectural characteristics. Water availability is a major environmental factor influencing the occurrence of hollowing in desert riparian forests. The results provide scientific support for the conservation and sustainable management of existing desert riparian forest ecosystems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tree stems connect the roots and crown and have major transporting and supporting functions [1,2]. Cavities or hollows in the trunk of a tree reduce its mechanical stability [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns in Tree Cavities (Hollows) in Euphrates Poplar (Populus euphratica, Salicaceae) along the Tarim River in NW China

Aishan,

Mumin,

Halik

et al. 2024

Forests

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“…Visual and drilling decay evaluation techniques may not be reliable or accurate for detecting progressive rot unless combined with expensive technologies, such as tomography. The resolution of conventional tomographic techniques is often sufficient to accurately capture discoloration and advanced rot within tree stems [24,54]. Drilling at breast height or stump level can be dependable to identify trees with substantial rot sections [14].…”

Section: Challenges Faced In Predicting Stem Rot Severitymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparative Study of Stem Rot Severity in Mature Deciduous Trees in Latvia

Liepiņš,

Lazdiņš

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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Efforts to enhance carbon storage in forest ecosystems through policy and management decisions rely on accurate forest biomass assessments. However, most forest inventories consider tree mortality the only form of aboveground biomass loss, overlooking other important factors, such as wood decay in living trees. In this study, using linear mixed-effects models, we delve into the sustainability of mature and over-mature deciduous forests in Latvia by conducting a comprehensive analysis of stem rot severity, identifying species for which the impact of stem rot on their carbon stock reduction was most significant. The analysis focused on determining the proportion of discolored wood, decomposed wood, and hollow spaces within the stems of 190 living deciduous trees commonly found in hemiboreal forests. The study reveals a greater extent of stem rot and more extensive decay in Populus tremula trees than in Betula spp., Alnus glutinosa, and Alnus incana. It emphasizes the influence of tree species, age, and diameter at breast height on stem rot proportions. The stump rot area significantly predicts the amount of decomposed and discolored wood within the stem. The study provides valuable insights for sustainable forestry practices and highlights challenges in estimating stem rot severity, emphasizing the need for comprehensive diagnostic methods.

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“…The stem rot of living trees causes both economic and ecological losses to forests and forest ecosystems. It has detrimental effects on wood quality (Shortle and Dudzik 2012), tree vitality (Dobbertin 2005;Wei et al 2022), and mechanical stability (Krisans et al 2020), and can result in reduced tree growth and premature tree mortality (Roberts et al 2020). Different factors can lead to stem rot, such as mechanical injuries (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of stem rot on wood basic density, carbon, and nitrogen content of living deciduous trees in hemiboreal forests

Liepiņš,

Jaunslaviete,

Liepiņš

et al. 2023

Silva Fenn

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While numerous studies have focused on analyzing various aspects of the carbon (C) budget in forests, there appears to be a lack of comprehensive assessments specifically addressing the impact of stem rot on the C budget of broadleaf tree species, especially in old-growth forests where stem rot is prevalent. One of the main challenges in accurately quantifying C losses caused by stem rot is the lack of precise data on the basic density and C content of decayed wood, which are crucial for converting decayed wood volume into biomass and C stocks. Using linear mixed-effects models, we examine the variability of wood basic density, C content, and nitrogen (N) content. Discolored and decomposed wood was collected from the stems of 136 living deciduous trees common in hemiboreal forests in Latvia. Our research indicates a noticeable reduction in the wood basic density, coupled with an increase in the N content within the stem wood throughout the decomposition process in birch (Betula spp.), European aspen (Populus tremula L.), grey alder (Alnus incana (L.) Moench), and common alder (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.). While aspen wood showed a decreasing trend in C content as decay progressed, a pairwise comparison test revealed no significant differences in C content between discolored and decomposed wood for the studied species, unlike the findings for basic density and N content. This study emphasizes the need to account for stem rot in old-growth forest carbon budgets, especially in broadleaf species, and calls for more research on stem rot-induced carbon losses.

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Spatial distribution patterns of trunk internal decay of Euphrates poplar riparian forest along the Tarim River, northwest China

Cited by 9 publications

References 70 publications

Patterns in Tree Cavities (Hollows) in Euphrates Poplar (Populus euphratica, Salicaceae) along the Tarim River in NW China

Patterns in Tree Cavities (Hollows) in Euphrates Poplar (Populus euphratica, Salicaceae) along the Tarim River in NW China

A Comparative Study of Stem Rot Severity in Mature Deciduous Trees in Latvia

Effect of stem rot on wood basic density, carbon, and nitrogen content of living deciduous trees in hemiboreal forests

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