Spatial distribution, radiological risk assessment and positive matrix factorization of gamma-emitting radionuclides in the sediment of the Boka Kotorska Bay

Radomirović, Milena; Stanković, Slavka; Mandić, Milica; Jović, Mihajlo D.; Mandić, Ljiljana Janković; Dragović, Snežana; Onjia, Antonije

doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112491

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…The mean activity concentrations of 232 Th in Jeddah marine sediments were lower than all other locations in the world except for the Arabian Gulf [48], Farasan Island [46], Oman [81], and Turkey [80]. Conversely, the 40 K mean values were higher than all other locations in the world except Addurrah beach [49], Serbia [82], Cyprus [4], and Bangladesh [32]. It is worth noting that U and Th series disequilibria were well documented [31,83].…”

Section: Activity Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Radiation Hazard from Natural Radioactivity in the Marine Sediment of Jeddah Coast, Red Sea, Saudi Arabia

Al-Mur

Gad

2022

JMSE

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Marine sediment samples were collected along the Jeddah coast, Red Sea, Saudi Arabia, in order to assess radiation hazards and the exposure to human and marine living organisms. Using collaborative techniques, grain size, mineralogical characteristics, and natural radioactivity were investigated. To examine the influence of sediment characteristics over the distribution of the measured radionuclides, resulting data were statistically processed by using multivariate analyses. 238U, 232Th, and 40K levels were specified to be 19.50, 9.38, and 403.31 Bq kg−1, respectively. Radionuclides distributions were affected by sediment mud content, organic matter, and heavy minerals index. The calculated radiation risk parameters are within the safe range and lower than the global average. Natural radiation from these marine sediments is normal and poses no significant radiological risk to the public or marine living organisms. The natural radioactivity of the marine sediment in this Jeddah coastline will have to be monitored on a regular basis to avoid overexposure to the residents.

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Section: Activity Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Radiation Hazard from Natural Radioactivity in the Marine Sediment of Jeddah Coast, Red Sea, Saudi Arabia

Al-Mur

Gad

2022

JMSE

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“…An ICP-MS model iCAP Q and ICP-OES model iCAP 6500, both from Thermo Scientific Inc. (Waltham, MA, USA), were employed for the instrumental measurements. The operating conditions used in this study were described previously for ICP-OES [ 53 ] and ICP-MS [ 54 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The following supporting information can be downloaded at: https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/toxics12010071/s1, Figure S1: Map of sampling locations; Table S1: Validation parameters of REY, HMs, and major elements in CFA samples using ICP-MS. The method detection limit (MDL), calibration equation, correlation coefficient (r 2 ), recovery (R), and relative standard deviation; Table S2: Ecological risk indices, the equations, and classification [53]; Table S3: Equations used in the risk assessment model [58]; Table S4: Exposure parameters and their distributions in the risk assessment model [58]; Table S5: Reference doses (RfD) (mg•kg −1 •day −1 ) and the cancer slope factors (CSF) (kg•day•mg −1 ) of HMs for ingestion, inhalation, and dermal pathway [58]; Table S6: REY concentrations (mg/kg) in CFA samples from coal-fired power plants in Serbia (mean ± SD); Table S7: Pearson correlation coefficients for the REY content in CFA samples from coal-fired power plants in Serbia; Table S8: Enrichment factor (EF) for REY in CFA; Table S9: Geoaccumulation index (Igeo) for REY in CFA; Table S10: Potential risk index (RI) for HMs in CFA; Table S11: Individual risk index (Er) for HMs and REY in CFA; Table S12: Mean hazard quotients (HQ) for REY in CFA; Table S13: Mean hazard quotients (HQ) for HMs in CFA; Table S14: Individual mean cancer risk (CR) for HMs in CFA.…”

Section: Supplementary Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological and Health Risks Attributed to Rare Earth Elements in Coal Fly Ash

Slavković-Beškoski,

Ignjatović,

Ćujić

et al. 2024

Toxics

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The occurrence and distribution of yttrium and rare earth elements (REYs), along with major elements and heavy metal(loid)s (HMs) in coal fly ash (CFA) from five coal-fired power plants (CFPPs), were analyzed, and the REY-associated ecological and health risks were assessed. The individual REYs in CFA were abundant in the following order: Ce > La > Nd > Y > Pr > Gd > Sm > Dy > Er > Yb > Eu > Ho > Tb > Tm > Lu. The total REY content ranged from 135 to 362 mg/kg, averaging 302 mg/kg. The mean light-to-heavy REY ratio was 4.1, indicating prevalent light REY enrichment in CFA. Significantly positive correlations between the REYs suggested that they coexist and share similar origins in CFA. REYs were estimated to pose low to moderate ecological risks, with risk index (RI) values ranging from 66 to 245. The hazard index (HI) and target cancer risk (TCR) of REYs from CFA, estimated to be higher for children (HIc = 0.15, TCRc = 8.4 × 10−16) than for adults (HIa = 0.017, TCRa = 3.6 × 10−16), were well below the safety limits (HI = 1, TCR = 1.0 × 10−6). However, the danger to human health posed by HMs in the same CFA samples (HIc = 5.74, TCRc = 2.6 × 10−4, TCRa = 1.1 × 10−4) exceeded the safe thresholds (excl. HIa = 0.63). The mean RI and HI attributed to REYs in CFA were 14% and 2.6%, respectively, of the total risks that include HMs.

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“…The specific activity of 226 Ra was determined from the gamma rays at 609.3, 1120.3, and 1764.5 keV of 214 Bi and 295.2 and 351.9 keV of 214 Pb. Specific activities of 40 K and 137 Cs were determined using their own 1460.8 keV and 661.7 keV gamma rays, respectively. The measured specific activity of 137 Cs was decay-corrected to the sampling date.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Activity of Natural Radionuclides Th-232, Ra-226, K-40, and Na-22, and Anthropogenic Cs-137, in the Water, Sediment, and Common Carp Produced in Purified Wastewater from a Slaughterhouse

et al. 2023

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In the immediate vicinity of a slaughterhouse, a fishpond was built that uses treated wastewater from the slaughterhouse, and in this way integrates a new value chain in the form of purification and use of slaughterhouse wastewater in an aquaculture production system. The negative aspect of such integrated production systems is the concern related to the safety of fish meat produced in these systems. The aim of this research was to determine the activity level of Cs-137, K-40, Ra-226, Th-232, and Na-22 in water, sediment, and carp harvested from a pond that received purified water from a slaughterhouse. All samples were collected in spring and in autumn. The activity concentrations of selected radionuclides were determined by gamma spectrometry (HPG-e detector). The activity of K-40 in water samples ranged from 8.4 to 15.6 Bq L−1. The specific activity concentrations of the Ra-226 in water samples ranged between 1.02 ± 0.11 and 2.76 ± 0.49 Bq kg−1. The results of the activity of natural radionuclides (Bq kg−1) in the sediment samples were in the following ranges: 440–629 for K-40, 10.7–15 for Th-232, 20.2–44.4 for Ra-226, and 1.08–2.04 for Na-22, with average values of 531.75, 12.3, 32.97, and 1.75, for K-40, Th-232, Ra-226, and Na-22, respectively. The average content of Th-232 (12.3 Bq kg−1) did not exceed the world UNSCEAR average value of 45, while the average content of Ra-226 (32.97 Bq kg−1) slightly exceeded the UNSCEAR value of 32 Bq kg−1. The K-40 concentration activity of 531.75 Bq kg−1 was much higher than the UNSCEAR weighted average value of 420 Bq kg−1. In the fish samples, natural radionuclide Na-22 was detected only in autumn (2.74 ± 0.32 Bq kg−1). Results of Cs-137 and Th-232 concentrations were below the method detection limit in all samples, ˂0.5 Bq kg−1 and ˂2 Bq kg−1, respectively. The activity of K-40 was in the range from 121 to 160 Bq kg−1. The activity concentrations of the Ra-226 in carp samples ranged between 9.5 and 54.4 Bq kg−1. The results indicate that consumption of fish meat obtained from this integrated system does not pose a significant health concern in the case of the usual consumption rate that is typical for the population of Serbia. Almost no statistically significant seasonal variations were observed.

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Spatial distribution, radiological risk assessment and positive matrix factorization of gamma-emitting radionuclides in the sediment of the Boka Kotorska Bay

Cited by 13 publications

References 59 publications

Radiation Hazard from Natural Radioactivity in the Marine Sediment of Jeddah Coast, Red Sea, Saudi Arabia

Radiation Hazard from Natural Radioactivity in the Marine Sediment of Jeddah Coast, Red Sea, Saudi Arabia

Ecological and Health Risks Attributed to Rare Earth Elements in Coal Fly Ash

The Activity of Natural Radionuclides Th-232, Ra-226, K-40, and Na-22, and Anthropogenic Cs-137, in the Water, Sediment, and Common Carp Produced in Purified Wastewater from a Slaughterhouse

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