Spatio temporal Dynamics of Face Recognition

Barbeau, Emmanuel J.; Taylor, Margot J.; Régis, Jean; Marquis, Patrick; Chauvel, Patrick; Liégeois‐Chauvel, Catherine

doi:10.1093/cercor/bhm140

Cited by 168 publications

(183 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…fMRI studies show robust activation during face perception in lateral fusiform gyrus, inferior occipital gyrus, superior temporal cortex, and OFC (Ishai, Schmidt, & Boesiger, 2005;Halgren et al, 1999;Kanwisher et al, 1997). Recordings in patients with implanted electrodes have revealed facerelated activities in posterior and middle fusiform gyri as well as in middle temporal, inferior temporal, and inferior frontal gyri (Barbeau et al, 2008;Allison, Puce, Spencer, & McCarthy, 1999). Agreement between our results and those described in the literature supports the plausibility of N1 generators found in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Absence of Face-specific Cortical Activity in the Complete Absence of Awareness: Converging Evidence from Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Event-related Potentials

Rodrı́guez

Thompson

Stokes

et al. 2012

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

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Abstract■ In this study, we explored the neural correlates of perceptual awareness during a masked face detection task. To assess awareness more precisely than in previous studies, participants employed a 4-point scale to rate subjective visibility. An eventrelated fMRI and a high-density ERP study were carried out. Imaging data showed that conscious face detection was linked to activation of fusiform and occipital face areas. Frontal and parietal regions, including the pre-SMA, inferior frontal sulcus, anterior insula/frontal operculum, and intraparietal sulcus, also responded strongly when faces were consciously perceived. In contrast, no brain area showed face-selective activity when participants reported no impression of a face. ERP results showed that conscious face detection was associated with enhanced N170 and also with the presence of a second negativity around 300 msec and a slow positivity around 415 msec. Again, face-related activity was absent when faces were not consciously perceived. We suggest that, under conditions of backward masking, ventral stream and fronto-parietal regions show similar, strong links of face-related activity to conscious perception and stress the importance of a detailed assessment of awareness to examine activity related to unseen stimulus events. ■

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Absence of Face-specific Cortical Activity in the Complete Absence of Awareness: Converging Evidence from Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Event-related Potentials

Rodrı́guez

Thompson

Stokes

et al. 2012

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

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“…To identify ERPs generated focally in this region, criteria were polarity reversal between adjacent contacts ( Fig. 1) and/or steep voltage gradients and high voltage fluctuations between adjacent contacts (Fernandez et al, 1999;Barbeau et al, 2008). ERPs in this region had a specific morphology at similar latencies ( Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultra-Rapid Sensory Responses in the Human Frontal Eye Field Region

Kirchner¹,

Barbeau²,

Thorpe³

et al. 2009

Journal of Neuroscience

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Most of what we know about the human frontal eye field (FEF) is extrapolated from studies in animals. There is ample evidence that this region is crucial for eye movements. However, evidence is accumulating that this region also plays a role in sensory processing and that it belongs to a "fast brain" system. We set out to investigate these issues in humans, using intracerebral recordings in patients with drug-refractory epilepsy. Event-related potential recordings were obtained from 11 epileptic patients from within the FEF region while they passed a series of visual and auditory perceptual tests. No eye movement was required. Ultra-rapid responses were observed, with mean onset latencies at 24 ms after stimulus to auditory stimuli and 45 ms to visual stimuli. Such early responses were compatible with cortical routes as assessed with simultaneous recordings in primary auditory and visual cortices. Components were modulated very early by the sensory characteristics of the stimuli, in the 30 -60 ms period for auditory stimuli and in the 45-60 ms period for visual stimuli. Although the frontal lobes in humans are generally viewed as being involved in high-level cognitive processes, these results indicate that the human FEF is a remarkably quickly activated multimodal region that belongs to a network of low-level neocortical sensory areas.

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“…Intracranial EEG recordings have shown that faces elicit responses across a number of regions in the ventral temporal visual-processing pathway (Allison et al 1994;Barbeau et al 2008) and furthermore that faces can induce changes in the coherence of broadband (4-45 Hz) power between those regions (Klopp et al 1999;Klopp et al 2000). However, little is known about the functional relevance of this coherence or, in particular, the role of nonlinear (between-frequency) coupling.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forward and backward connections in the brain: A DCM study of functional asymmetries

et al. 2009

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We compared models with and without nonlinear (between-frequency) coupling in both forward and backward connections. Bayesian model comparison indicated that the best model had nonlinear forward and backward connections. Using the best model we then quantified frequency-specific causal influences mediating observed spectral responses. We found a striking asymmetry between forward and backward connections; in which high (gamma) frequencies in higher cortical areas suppressed low (alpha) frequencies in lower areas. This suppression was significantly greater than the homologous coupling in the forward connections. Furthermore, exactly the asymmetry was observed when we examined face-selective coupling (i.e., coupling under faces minus scrambled faces). These results highlight the importance of nonlinear coupling among brain regions and point to a functional asymmetry between forward and backward connections in the human brain that is consistent with anatomical and physiological evidence from animal studies. This asymmetry is also consistent with functional architectures implied by theories of perceptual inference in the brain, based on hierarchical generative models.

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Spatio temporal Dynamics of Face Recognition

Cited by 168 publications

References 60 publications

Absence of Face-specific Cortical Activity in the Complete Absence of Awareness: Converging Evidence from Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Event-related Potentials

Absence of Face-specific Cortical Activity in the Complete Absence of Awareness: Converging Evidence from Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Event-related Potentials

Ultra-Rapid Sensory Responses in the Human Frontal Eye Field Region

Forward and backward connections in the brain: A DCM study of functional asymmetries

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