Spatiotemporal-based automated inundation mapping of Ramsar wetlands using Google Earth Engine

Abstract

Wetlands are one of the most critical components of an ecosystem, supporting many ecological niches and a rich diversity of flora and fauna. The ecological significance of these sites makes it imperative to study the changes in their inundation extent and propose necessary measures for their conservation. This study analyzes all 64 Ramsar sites in China based on their inundation patterns using Landsat imagery from 1991 to 2020. Annual composites were generated using the short-wave infrared thresholding technique from June to September to create inundation maps. The analysis was carried out on each Ramsar site individually to account for its typical behavior due to regional geographical and climatic conditions. The results of the inundation analysis for each site were subjected to the Mann–Kendall test to determine their trends. The analysis showed that 8 sites exhibited a significantly decreasing trend, while 14 sites displayed a significantly increasing trend. The accuracy of the analysis ranged from a minimum of 72.0% for Hubei Wang Lake to a maximum of 98.0% for Zhangye Heihe Wetland National Nature Reserve. The average overall accuracy of the sites was found to be 90.0%. The findings emphasize the necessity for conservation strategies and policies for Ramsar sites.

Analysis and Prediction of Land Use/Land Cover Changes in Korgalzhyn District, Kazakhstan

“…These composite median images enabled data averaging, resulting in more stable and accurate outcomes. This approach allowed us to address and correct issues related to the changes in natural and atmospheric conditions, along with challenges associated with the Landsat 7 sensor's SLC-off condition [56][57][58][59]. The decision to employ this method was mainly based on its universality for correcting radiometric issues from various sources.…”