Spatiotemporal Coupling Factors and Mode of Tourism Industry, Urbanization and Ecological Environment: A Case Study of Shaanxi, China

Abstract

Identifying the factors and patterns of coordinated development in the tourism industry, urbanization, and the ecological environment sheds light on how to ensure the high-quality and sustainable development of the regional economy, but the research on this issue is relatively insufficient. Taking Shaanxi Province as an example, this paper analyzes the spatiotemporal coupling characteristics between the tourism industry, urbanization and ecological environment in cities of Shaanxi Province from 2000 to 2017. After identifying the leading factors of coupling of the three systems, the paper summarizes the coupling development mode in each city under the leading factors. The coupling between the tourism industry, urbanization and ecological environment in various cities has realized the fundamental transformation from incoordination to coordination and finally, formed a spatial development pattern featuring strong central regions, and weak southern and northern regions. Before 2010, ecological environment factors dominated the coupling between the tourism industry, urbanization, and ecological environment in Shaanxi’s cities, while after 2010, urbanization and tourism industry gradually became the leading factors of the coupling development of the three systems. The coupling development mode in each city has generally undergone an evolution process of “ecological environment mode--urbanization mode--tourism industry mode”. A coupling development mode dominated by urbanization has formed in cities in Northern Shaanxi, a coupling development mode dominated by mixed urbanization and the tourism industry has formed in the Guanzhong Region, and a coupling development mode dominated by the tourism industry has formed in cities in Southern Shaanxi. This paper provides theoretical and practical references for promoting the precise macro-control of cities and guaranteeing the high-quality development of the regional economy.

Analysis and Prediction of the Coupling Coordination Relationship between Tourism and Air Environment: Yangtze River Economic Zone in China as Example

“…Guaranteeing the harmonious evolvement among subsystems, the coupling coordination degree (CCD) reflects the system's tendency to the orderly status, and it can be applied to trigger the positive interaction among the subsystems [1]. Research has been processed to measure the relationships of coupling coordination between the tourism subsystem and the general ecological environment subsystem in different places, such as Qinghai, Beijing, and Shaanxi [51][52][53], and shows that the coupling coordination between tourism and the environment is important theoretically and practically; however, studies are scant on the coupling coordination interaction between the tourism subsystem and the air environment subsystem.…”

Analysis on the Coupling Relationship and Coordinated Development between the Construction of Ethnic Minority Tourist Towns and the Tourism Industry

“…Tourism is not only an economic phenomenon, but also a social and cultural phenomenon with high demands on the ecological environment [30,31]. From this perspective, the development of the tourism industry and the construction of small towns are at the same level of mutual influence and coordination between economy and economy, society and society, resource environment and resource environment, similar to the abovementioned coupling and coordination phenomenon [17,32,33]. This article refers to economic coupling coordination, social coupling coordination, resource environment coupling coordination [34].…”

“…Through the development of low-consumption and intensive tourism projects, tourism is closely integrated with agriculture and industry to achieve smart growth. A good ecological environment is the basis for tourism development [32].…”

Coupling Coordination of Water Governance and Tourism: Measurement and Prediction

“…In the water governance subsystem, the Pressure-State-Response model is used in order to assess the interaction mechanism of water governance and to set up the evaluation system. Water governance pressure represents the pressure of water pollution, including the discharge of wastewater, COD, and ammonia nitrogen [28,32,33]. e water governance state represents the current status of water resources, including two indicators: the number of water resources and the amount of water use per capita [33,34].…”

“…Water governance pressure represents the pressure of water pollution, including the discharge of wastewater, COD, and ammonia nitrogen [28,32,33]. e water governance state represents the current status of water resources, including two indicators: the number of water resources and the amount of water use per capita [33,34]. Water governance response represents the management and protection of water resources, including the investment in wastewater treatment projects, wastewater treatment rate, and volume of water saved per capita [35,36].…”