Spatiotemporal maps reveal regional differences in the effects on gut motility for Lactobacillus reuteri and rhamnosus strains

Abstract

Background Commensal bacteria such as probiotics that are neuroactive acutely affect the amplitudes of intestinal migrating motor complexes (MMCs). What is lacking for an improved understanding of these motility effects are region specific measurements of velocity and frequency. We have combined intraluminal pressure recordings with spatiotemporal diameter maps to analyze more completely effects of different strains of beneficial bacteria on motility. Methods Intraluminal peak pressure (PPr) was measured and video recordings made of mouse ex vivo jejunum and colon segments before and after intraluminal applications of Lactobacillus rhamnosus (JB-1) or Lactobacillus reuteri (DSM 17938). Migrating motor complex frequency and velocity were calculated. Key Results JB-1 decreased jejunal frequencies by 56% and 34% in colon. Jejunal velocities increased 171%, but decreased 31% in colon. Jejunal PPr decreased by 55% and in colon by 21%. DSM 17938 increased jejunal frequencies 63% and in colon 75%; jejunal velocity decreased 57%, but increased in colon 146%; jejunal PPr was reduced 26% and 12% in colon. TRAM-34 decreased frequency by 71% and increased velocity 200% for jejunum, but increased frequency 46% and velocity 50% for colon; PPr was decreased 59% for jejunum and 39% for colon. Conclusions & Inferences The results show that probiotics and other beneficial bacteria have strain and region-specific actions on gut motility that can be successfully discriminated using spatiotemporal mapping of diameter changes. Effects are not necessarily the same in colon and jejunum. Further research is needed on the detailed effects of the strains on enteric neuron currents for each gut region.

The Effect of Lactobacillus reuteri Supplementation in Adults with Chronic Functional Constipation: a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial*

“…e authors, based upon the e ects of L. reuteri on the adult mouse colon, speculated that this probiotic might have a therapeutic potential e ect in constipated elderly adults [17]. However, the exact mechanisms underlying the enhancements of gastrointestinal transit by probiotics are not yet completely understood.…”

Converging effects of a Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus probiotic strain on mouse intestinal physiology

“…For example, Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Lactobacillus reuteri differentially influence migrating myoelectric complex parameters in mouse jejunal and colonic preparations (38). Moreover, the probiotic mix VSL#3 exerts region-specific effects on gastrointestinal motility in isolated tissue preparations (21).…”

“…Recent evidence suggests that probiotics exert both strainand region-specific effects on gut physiology (38). For example, Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Lactobacillus reuteri differentially influence migrating myoelectric complex parameters in mouse jejunal and colonic preparations (38).…”

Spatiotemporal Mapping of Motility in <em>Ex Vivo</em> Preparations of the Intestines

“…The construction of STmaps and analysis of changes in motility pattern have been applied to key questions in the gastrointestinal motility of intestine and colon. These include: differentiation of neurogenic and myogenic contractions and defining the role of interstitial cells of Cajal 6,9,11,12,16,24,26,27,[29][30][31]33,[37][38][39][40]42 , understanding the complex interactions between the circular and longitudinal muscle layers 2,7,8,11,12,32,39,40 , examining the effects of intraluminal nutrients 10,18,19 , microbial strains 34 , and viscosities 12,36 on various motility patterns, and understanding the role of various endogenous neurohormonal agents and exogenous pharmacological agents 2,[4][5][6][7]9,10,[13][14][15][16][17]28,35,40 in the generation and modification of motility...…”

“…Video recording and spatiotemporal mapping of intestinal and colonic segments have been applied to a variety of species including zebrafish 26 , mouse 25,[27][28][29][30] , rat 7,9,[30][31][32][33] , guinea pig 5,6,8,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19]24,30,32,34,35 , brushtail possum 12,36 , rabbit 2,30,37,38 , chicken 39 , pig 40,41 and human 42 . The most widely studied species is the guinea pig.…”