Spatiotemporal variability and trends in rainfall extremes in Enebsie Sar Midir district, northwest Ethiopia

Geremew, Girmaw Mitikie; Mini, S.; Abegaz, Assefa

doi:10.1007/s40808-020-00749-2

Cited by 29 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The `CV of Belg rainfall (24% <CV<35.58%) was higher than Kiremt rainfall and it indicates high inter-annual variability of Belg rainfall than Kiremt rainfall (Fig 8a, b). The result of this study agreed with the findings of Seleshi and Camberlin (2006) Geremew et al (2020) in different parts of Ethiopia and reported that less variability of rainfall was observed in Kiremt season than other seasons. Similarly, Panthi et al (2015) reported that less variability of rainfall was observed in the Kiremt season than other seasons in the Gandaki River Basin of Nepal Himalaya.…”

Section: Spatio-temporal Variability and Trend Of Rainfall In West Hasupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Mohammed et al (2018) also reported that the rainfall significantly increased in Kiremt at Dessie, Haik, and Mekaneselam out of six meteorological stations and a decline in Belg at all studied stations in the South Wollo zone . Besides, Geremew et al (2020) reported that the annual rainfall showed an increasing trend at all stations in Enebsiesar Midir District, northwest Ethiopia except at Mertu Lemariam during the 1987-2016 periods. Table 5: MK trend analysis of areal average annual and mean seasonal rainfall…”

Section: 32mentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Several studies have been conducted on spatio-temporal variability and trends of rainfall in Ethiopia (Degefu and Bewket 2013;Gummadi et al 2017;Gedefaw et al 2018;Mohammed et al 2018;Moloro 2018;Weldegerima et al 2018;Abegaz and Mekoya 2020;Geremew et al 2020). Although different studies have been conducted on the Spatio-temporal variability and trends of rainfall in Ethiopia, there are limitations in the West Harerge Zone.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatio-Temporal Variability and Trend of Rainfall and Its Association with Pacific Ocean Sea Surface Temperature in West Harerge Zone, Eastern Ethiopia

Tiruneh

Amare²,

Alemu³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Rainfall variability is a common characteristic in Ethiopia and it exceedingly affects agriculture particularly in the eastern parts of the country where rainfall is relatively scarce. Hence, understanding the spatio-temporal variability of rainfall is indispensable for planning mitigation measures during high and low rainfall seasons. This study examined the spatio-temporal variability and trends of rainfall in the West Harerge Zone, eastern Ethiopia.Method: The coefficient of variation (CV) and standardized anomaly index (SAI) was employed to analyze rainfall variability while Mann-Kendall (MK) trend test and Sen’s slop estimator were employed to examine the trend and magnitude of the rainfall changes, respectively. The association between rainfall and Pacific Ocean Sea Surface Temperature (SST) was also evaluated by the Pearson correlation coefficient (r).Results: The annual rainfall CV ranges from 12-19.36% while the seasonal rainfall CV extends from 15-28.49%, 24-35.58%, and 38-75.9% for average Kiremt (June-September), Belg (February-May), and Bega (October-January) seasons, respectively (1983-2019). On the monthly basis, the trends of rainfall decreased in all months except in July, October, and November. However, the trends of rainfall were not statistically significant (α = 0.05), unlike November. The annual rainfall trends showed a non-significant decreasing trend. On a seasonal basis, the trend of mean Kiremt and Belg seasons rainfall was decreased. But, it increased in Bega season although it was not statistically significant. Moreover, the correlation between rainfall and Pacific Ocean SST was negative for Kiremt while positive for Belg and Bega seasons. Besides, the correlation between rainfall and Pacific Ocean SST was negative at annual time scales.Conclusions: High spatial and temporal rainfall variability on monthly, seasonal, and annual time scales was observed in the study area. Seasonal rainfall has high inter-annual variability in the dry season (Bega) than other seasons. The trends in rainfall were decreased in most of the months. Besides, the trend of rainfall was increased annually and in the Bega season rather than other seasons. Generally, the occurrence of droughts in the study area was associated with ENSO events like most other parts of Ethiopia and East Africa.

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Section: Spatio-temporal Variability and Trend Of Rainfall In West Hasupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: 32mentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Spatio-Temporal Variability and Trend of Rainfall and Its Association with Pacific Ocean Sea Surface Temperature in West Harerge Zone, Eastern Ethiopia

Tiruneh

Amare²,

Alemu³

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Several studies (Mohammed et al 2018;Moloro 2018;Weldegerima et al 2018;Abegaz and Mekoya 2020;Geremew et al 2020) have been conducted on the spatiotemporal variability and trends of rainfall in Ethiopia. However, there are limitations in West Harerge Zone.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal variability and trends of rainfall and its association with Pacific Ocean Sea surface temperature in West Harerge Zone, Eastern Ethiopia

Bayable

Amare²,

Alemu³

et al. 2021

Environ Syst Res

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Background Rainfall variability exceedingly affects agriculture in Ethiopia, particularly in the eastern region where rainfall is relatively scarce. Hence, understanding the spatiotemporal variability of rainfall is indispensable for planning mitigation measures during high and low rainfall seasons. This study examined the spatiotemporal variability and trends of rainfall in the West Harerge Zone, eastern Ethiopia. Method The coefficient of variation (CV) and standardized anomaly index (SAI) were used to analyze rainfall variability while Mann-Kendall (MK) trend test and Sen’s slop estimator were employed to examine the trend and magnitude of the rainfall changes, respectively. The association between rainfall and Pacific Ocean Sea Surface Temperature (SST) was also evaluated by Pearson correlation coefficient (r). Results The annual rainfall CV during 1983–2019 periods is between 12 and 19.36% while the seasonal rainfall CV extends from 15–28.49%, 24–35.58%, and 38–75.9% for average Kiremt (June–September), Belg (February–May), and Bega (October–January) seasons, respectively (1983–2019). On the monthly basis, the trends of rainfall decreased in all months except in July, October, and November. However, the trends were not statistically significant (α = 0.05), unlike in November. On a seasonal basis, the trends of mean Kiremt and Belg seasons rainfall decreased while it increased in Bega season although it is not statistically significant. Moreover, the annual rainfall showed a non-significant decreasing trend. The findings also revealed that the correlation between rainfall and Pacific Ocean SST was negative for Kiremt while positive for Belg and Bega seasons. Besides, annual rainfall and Pacific Ocean SST was negatively correlated. Conclusions High spatial and temporal rainfall variability was observed at the monthly, seasonal, and annual time scales. Seasonal rainfall has high inter-annual variability in the dry season (Bega) than other seasons. The trends in rainfall were decreased in most of the months. Besides, the trend of rainfall decreased in the annual, Belg and Kiremt season while increased in the Bega season. The study also indicated that the occurrence of droughts in the study area was associated with ENSO events like most other parts of Ethiopia and East Africa.

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“…In contrast, most stations in the river basin show increasing trends in temperature indices, including the number of CWD and precipitation indices, such as very wet (R90p) and extreme wet days (R95p and R99p). Geremew et al [25], in their study, examined an increasing trend in the mean annual number of CWD, the number of wet days (NWD), and the mean annual CDD at some stations in Northwest Ethiopia. Generally, various studies conducted across the country show varying outcomes, stressing the need for location-specific analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal Changes in Mean and Extreme Climate: Farmers’ Perception and Its Agricultural Implications in Awash River Basin, Ethiopia

Damtew

Teferi

Ongoma

et al. 2022

Climate

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The increase in the intensity and frequency of climate extremes threatens socioeconomic development. This study examines variability of mean and extreme climate, farmers’ perception of the changes, and impacts in the Awash River Basin. Daily rainfall and temperature data were used to analyze 23 extreme climate indices. The Mann–Kendall test was used to assess the magnitude and significance of the changes. Results show an increase in minimum (0.019–0.055 °C/year) and maximum temperatures (0.049–0.09 °C/year), while total rainfall is on a downward trend (from −3.84 mm/year to −10.26 mm/year). Warm extreme temperature indicators, including warmest day (TXx), warmest night (TNx), warm day (TX90p), warm night (TN90p), and warm spell duration indicator (WSDI), show a significant increasing trend (p < 0.05). Nevertheless, except the tepid–cool humid agroecology zone, cold extreme temperature indicators in cool days (TN10p), cool nights (TX10p), and cold spell duration (CSDI) are declining. Extreme precipitation indices, including maximum 1-day precipitation amount (RX1day), count of days when precipitation ≥10 mm (R10 mm), maximum 5-day precipitation amount (RX5day), count of days when precipitation ≥20 mm (R20mm), very wet days (R95p), extreme wet days (R99p), and total precipitation (PRCPTOT), show a decreasing trend. The perception of most farmers’ on climate change and climate extremes agreed with climate records. The major impacts perceived and asserted over all agroecologies are food price inflation, crop productivity decline, crop pests and diseases spread, livestock disease increase, and the emergence of pests and weeds. The increasing trend in extreme warm temperatures, decreasing trend in the cold extreme, and declining trend in precipitation indicators affected agricultural productivity and farmers whose livelihood depends on rainfed agriculture. This agroecology-specific study provides critical information to policymakers, decision makers, and farmers about the potential impacts of climate change and extreme events, leading to the development of agroecology-based adaptation measures.

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Spatiotemporal variability and trends in rainfall extremes in Enebsie Sar Midir district, northwest Ethiopia

Cited by 29 publications

References 26 publications

Spatio-Temporal Variability and Trend of Rainfall and Its Association with Pacific Ocean Sea Surface Temperature in West Harerge Zone, Eastern Ethiopia

Spatio-Temporal Variability and Trend of Rainfall and Its Association with Pacific Ocean Sea Surface Temperature in West Harerge Zone, Eastern Ethiopia

Spatiotemporal variability and trends of rainfall and its association with Pacific Ocean Sea surface temperature in West Harerge Zone, Eastern Ethiopia

Spatiotemporal Changes in Mean and Extreme Climate: Farmers’ Perception and Its Agricultural Implications in Awash River Basin, Ethiopia

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