Spawning Induction and Embryo Micromanipulation Protocols in the Amphioxus Branchiostoma lanceolatum

Pétillon, Yann Le; Bertrand, Stéphanie; Escrivà, Héctor

doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-9732-9_19

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Branchiostoma lanceolatum is not a protected species. Microdissection at the eight-cell stage was undertaken as previously described to separate the four micromeres from the four macromeres ( Le Petillon et al 2020 ). Micromere explants were transferred to a Petri dish filled with seawater or to a Petri dish filled with seawater plus activin (50 ng/ml, human recombinant protein, R&D) and raised at 19°C.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene Regulatory Networks of Epidermal and Neural Fate Choice in a Chordate

Leon

Subirana

Magre

et al. 2022

Molecular Biology and Evolution

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Neurons are a highly specialized cell type only found in metazoans. They can be scattered throughout the body or grouped together forming ganglia or nerve cords. During embryogenesis, centralized nervous systems develop from the ectoderm, which also forms the epidermis. How pluripotent ectodermal cells are directed towards neural or epidermal fates, and to which extent this process is shared among different animal lineages, are still open questions. Here, by using micromere explants, we were able to define in silico the putative Gene Regulatory Networks underlying the first steps of epidermis and central nervous system formation in the cephalochordate amphioxus. We propose that although the signal triggering neural induction in amphioxus (i.e. Nodal) is different from vertebrates, the main transcription factors implicated in this process are conserved. Moreover, our data reveal that transcription factors of the neural program seem to not only activate neural genes, but also to potentially have direct inputs into the epidermal Gene Regulatory Network, suggesting that Nodal signal might also contribute to neural fate commitment by repressing the epidermal program. Our functional data on whole embryos support this result and highlight the complex interactions among the transcription factors activated by the signalling pathways that drive ectodermal cell fate choice in chordates.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene Regulatory Networks of Epidermal and Neural Fate Choice in a Chordate

Leon

Subirana

Magre

et al. 2022

Molecular Biology and Evolution

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“…Classical embryo micromanipulation techniques, including grafting, have also been developed ( Le Petillon et al, 2020 ). Importantly, through the use of the TALEN and CRISPR-Cas9 gene-editing approaches, and Tol2-based transgenesis, it has been possible to obtain knock out and transgenic lines in B. floridae and B. belcheri for different genes, which has lifted an important brake on functional studies using amphioxus and has boosted the research in the evolutionary developmental biology field (EvoDevo) ( Holland and Li, 2021 ; Li et al, 2014 ; Li et al, 2017 ; Hu et al, 2017 ; Zhong et al, 2020 ; Ren et al, 2020 ; Zhu et al, 2020 ; Zou et al, 2021 ; Su et al, 2020 ; Kozmikova and Kozmik, 2015 ).…”

Section: Technical Advances In Amphioxus Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amphioxus as a model to study the evolution of development in chordates

D'Aniello,

Bertrand,

Escriva

2023

eLife

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Cephalochordates and tunicates represent the only two groups of invertebrate chordates, and extant cephalochordates – commonly known as amphioxus or lancelets – are considered the best proxy for the chordate ancestor, from which they split around 520 million years ago. Amphioxus has been an important organism in the fields of zoology and embryology since the 18th century, and the morphological and genomic simplicity of cephalochordates (compared to vertebrates) makes amphioxus an attractive model for studying chordate biology at the cellular and molecular levels. Here we describe the life cycle of amphioxus, and discuss the natural histories and habitats of the different species of amphioxus. We also describe their use as laboratory animal models, and discuss the techniques that have been developed to study different aspects of amphioxus.

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Spawning Induction and Embryo Micromanipulation Protocols in the Amphioxus Branchiostoma lanceolatum

Cited by 2 publications

References 6 publications

Gene Regulatory Networks of Epidermal and Neural Fate Choice in a Chordate

Gene Regulatory Networks of Epidermal and Neural Fate Choice in a Chordate

Amphioxus as a model to study the evolution of development in chordates

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