Speciation Associated with Shifts in Migratory Behavior in an Avian Radiation

Abstract

Go ´mez-Bahamo ´n et al. show that speciation is associated with changes in migratory behavior in fork-tailed flycatchers (Tyrannus savana). Divergence occurred through loss of migratory behavior of a single lineage. This mode of speciation likely occurred across New World flycatchers (Tyrannidae).

Does migration promote or inhibit diversification? A case study involving the dominant radiation of temperate Southern Hemisphere freshwater fishes

“…Although estimated extinction rates were higher in nonmigratory galaxiids, consistent with expectations from theory and some empirical tests (Rolland et al 2014;Corush 2019), they were not sufficiently elevated to suppress overall diversification rates. Although our findings are broadly consistent with a wide variety of analyses linking high diversification rates with "dispersal reduction" (Waters et al 2020), including one study of migratory behavior in fishes (Tedesco et al 2017), they directly contrast with the conclusions of some recent empirical studies that suggested migratory behavior leads to higher diversification (Rolland et al 2014;Fuchs et al 2015;Corush 2019;Gómez-Bahamón et al 2020) or has no effect (Kennedy et al 2016). The lower diversification rates for migratory galaxiids could be explained by lower natal philopatry relative to other migratory taxa, perhaps reflecting either unpredictability of freshwater habitat quality-and hence greater benefit of straying-or lower locomotory abilities of the migratory stage in galaxiids: larvae.…”

“…However, diversification rates also depend on extinction, with lower extinction rates expected for migratory versus resident taxa because of their broader distributions, larger population sizes (McDowall 2007;Bloom and Lovejoy 2014), and higher genetic diversity (Allibone and Wallis 1993;Ward et al 1994;McDowall 1999;Victoriano et al 2020). Therefore, the broad relationship between migratory status and diversification remains unclear, and the few detailed analyses conducted to date suggest either higher (Rolland et al 2014;Fuchs et al 2015;Corush 2019;Gómez-Bahamón et al 2020) or lower (Tedesco et al 2017) diversification in migratory lineages, or no relationship with migratory status (Kennedy et al 2016). Further research is needed to understand the intricacies of diversification rates and migratory status.…”

Agriculture creates subtle genetic structure among migratory and nonmigratory populations of burrowing owls throughout North America

“…Birds breeding within what was formerly their wintering grounds (migrants becoming year‐round residents) has been contemporarily observed in at least 3 other species (Sutherland, 1998). However, numerous phylogenetic analyses infer that these migratory drop‐offs have been common through the evolutionary histories of migratory birds and are drivers of diversification and speciation (e.g., Gómez‐Bahamón et al, 2020; Rolland, Jiguet, Jønsson, Condamine, & Morlon, 2014; Voelker & Light, 2011; Winger, Barker, & Ree, 2014).…”

Natural selection and circular pathways to seasonal migration in birds

“…Whereas, in continental settings (e.g. 31,32), newly sedentary colonies may expand toward temperate regions, reinitiating the cycle.…”