Species in Wolbachia? Proposal for the designation of ‘Candidatus Wolbachia bourtzisii’, ‘Candidatus Wolbachia onchocercicola’, ‘Candidatus Wolbachia blaxteri’, ‘Candidatus Wolbachia brugii’, ‘Candidatus Wolbachia taylori’, ‘Candidatus Wolbachia collembolicola’ and ‘Candidatus Wolbachia multihospitum’ for the different species within Wolbachia supergroups

Infection by Wolbachia was described previously in eleven species of Anastrepha fruit flies some of which are important pests of fruticulture. One such species is the nominal Anastrepha fraterculus, the South American fruit fly, which actually comprises a complex of cryptic species. The suggestions of using Wolbachia for the control of these pest species, make imperative a more precise characterization of the existing strains of the bacteria. In this study, population samples of the A. fraterculus complex from Brazil, Argentina, Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, Guatemala and Mexico were analyzed for Wolbachia infection. The bacteria were genotyped by the MLST and WSP Typing methodologies. All samples were infected with Wolbachia of supergroup "A". For each of the five MLST genes, unique as well as already known alleles were detected. Nineteen sequence types for the concatenated sequences of the five MLST genes, and twenty wsp alleles were found in the samples. Host-specific haplotypes, shared strains among distinct hosts, and more than one strain of Wolbachia were found in some population samples. Recombination among the MLST genes and intragenic recombination between wsp haplotypes was rare. Phylogenetic analysis showed a great similarity among the Wolbachia strains in the A. fraterculus complex. However, some strains of Wolbachia are found throughout the Neotropical Region and there are specific strains in determined geographical areas.

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“…5). However, subgrouping could be further defined in future analyses based on whole genome basis, as is being pursued [24,36,37].…”

Section: Phylogenetic Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wolbachia strains in cryptic species of the Anastrepha fraterculus complex (Diptera, Tephritidae) along the Neotropical Region

Prezotto

Perondini

Hernández‐Ortiz

et al. 2017

Systematic and Applied Microbiology

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“…Such sexual asymmetry in favor of females is similar in principle to that between mitochondrial and nuclear genomes, where mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations can be maintained when favorable in females, even if they are harmful in males (Gemmell et al, 2004). Wolbachia-host associations therefore provide an opportunity to explore the coevolutionary processes that concur with intracellular lifestyles (Sicard et al, 2014) with new knowledge of Wolbachia biology coming from bacterial genome analysis (e.g., Wu et al, 2004;Ellegaard et al, 2013;Nikoh et al, 2014;Ramírez-Puebla et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wolbachia Associations with Insects: Winning or Losing Against a Master Manipulator

2016

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Wolbachia are intracellular, maternally inherited bacteria with an impressive history of adaptation to intracellular lifestyles. Instead of adapting to a single host lineage, Wolbachia evolved ways to jump across host species and establish relatively stable associations maintained through vertical transmission. Wolbachia are capable of manipulating the reproduction of infected hosts in a remarkable way. Traditionally, such reproductive manipulations have been regarded as the general mechanism by which Wolbachia spread through host populations. Recent evidence suggests that Wolbachia-host interactions are more complex than previously thought and may be driven by the onset and resolution of conflicts of interest. Here, we discuss how reproductive manipulation phenotypes may be transient. As the host adapts to infection, manipulation phenotypes attenuate and the continuity of the symbioses may rely on the physiological advantages Wolbachia may confer to their host. For facultative symbionts, such benefits are likely to be dependent on the environment. Here, we also review evidence that supports the view of environment-dependent facultative mutualism as a stable evolutionary outcome of Wolbachia infections beside extinction and obligate symbioses. Finally, our current understanding of the biology of mitochondria and Wolbachia unravels remarkable parallels in the way they interact with the nuclear genome. Great insights into both the Wolbachia and mitochondrial research fields can be revealed if such fields are considered to be overlapping, rather than independent from each other.

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“…quintana are transmitted by sand flies (Lutzomyia spp) and by the human body louse, respectively, while the other agent Bar. henselae is commonly transmitted to humans through the bite or saliva-contaminated scratch of cats that are the natural reservoirs for the bacteria (97). Bar.…”

Section: Bartonellosis or Cat Scrathmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of Zoonotic Diseases in Turkey: The One Health Concept and Future Threats

İncı¹,

Doğanay²,

Özdarendeli³

et al. 2018

TurkiyeParazitolDerg

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Zoonotic infections are globally important diseases and lead to huge economic losses in both low-and middle-income and high-income countries. Global warming, environmental and ecological changes, illegal movement of animals and humans, regional civil wars, and poverty are predisposing factors for the emergence of zoonotic infections and their distribution worldwide; they are also a big threat for the future. In addition, environmental pollution and antimicrobial resistance are immense serious threats and dangers to prevent and control zoonotic infections. The natural location of Turkey allows many emerged or re-emerged infections with zoonotic characteristics by animal movements, such as bird immigrations, and by human movements due to civil wars as seen with regional refugees. Numerous zoonotic diseases, including 37 bacterial, 13 fungal, 29 viral, 28 parasitic (3 trematodes, 7 cestodes, 10 nematodes, and 8 protozoan), and totally 107 infections, have been reported from Turkey to date. Additionally, many ectoparasitic zoonoses within 15 different arthropod groups and one leech infestation have been reported from Turkey to date. The "One Health" initiative is particularly relevant for developing strategies to combat zoonotic diseases. In this article, we review the occurrence of zoonotic diseases in man and animals in Turkey in the light of the "One Health" perspective.

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Cited by 86 publications

References 105 publications

Wolbachia strains in cryptic species of the Anastrepha fraterculus complex (Diptera, Tephritidae) along the Neotropical Region

Wolbachia strains in cryptic species of the Anastrepha fraterculus complex (Diptera, Tephritidae) along the Neotropical Region

Wolbachia Associations with Insects: Winning or Losing Against a Master Manipulator

Overview of Zoonotic Diseases in Turkey: The One Health Concept and Future Threats

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