Specific localisation of gap junction protein connexin 32 in the gastric mucosa of horses

Fink, Cornelia; Hembes, T.; Brehm, Ralph; Weigel, Roswitha; Heeb, C.; Pfarrer, Christiane; Bergmann, Martin; Kressin, Monika

doi:10.1007/s00418-005-0047-3

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Cx32 is mainly found along the membranes of foveolar cells and Cx26 is predominantly found within the cytoplasm of parietal cells [18][19][20]. In an investigation of Cx32 expression in gastritis, intestinal metaplasia and gastric carcinoma, Uchida et al [20] showed that Cx32 expression was significantly reduced in epithelial cells with gastritis and intestinal metaplasia compared to normal gastric mucosa, and was undetectable in carcinoma cells.…”

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confidence: 99%

Altered Expression and Localization of Connexin32 in Human and Murine Gastric Carcinogenesis

et al. 2010

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Background Intercellular communication via gap junctions, composed of protein subunits called connexins (Cxs), plays a key role in controlling cell growth, differentiation and carcinogenesis. Impaired gap junctional intercellular communication has been reported in various cancers and diseases. Aims We investigated Cx32 expression patterns and semiquantitatively assessed Cx32 expression in cancers and preneoplastic lesions. To determine if cell proliferation is correlated with Cx32 expression, we evaluated Ki67 expression in a gastric cancer mouse model. Methods In human and mouse, normal stomach and gastric adenocarcinoma tissues were used for immunohistochemical analyses.Results Cx32 was detected at cell-cell (intercellular) contact points in normal cells and exhibited punctate intercellular and intracytoplasmic staining in cancer cells. The frequency of Cx32 loss of expression was significantly higher in human adenocarcinomas than in normal stomach. As tumor cells were less differentiated, Cx32 expression levels and intercellular and intracytoplasmic staining were also significantly lower. The Cx32 expression pattern in the mouse gastric cancer model was similar in several important respects to that of human. In mucous metaplasia of the mouse stomach, Cx32 was mainly expressed in the cytoplasm of epithelial cells. There was also an inverse correlation between Cx32 expression and cell proliferation in mouse tumors. However, there was no difference in the levels of Cx32 mRNA between normal and cancerous tissues. Conclusions These findings suggest that altered Cx32 expression, a loss of intercellular Cx32 and a gain of intracytoplasmic Cx32 in the form of punctate ''dot'', plays an important role in the formation of gastric adenocarcinomas.

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confidence: 99%

Altered Expression and Localization of Connexin32 in Human and Murine Gastric Carcinogenesis

et al. 2010

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“…It has been found that gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) plays an important role in the gastric mucosal defense system, and loss of GJIC is associated with ulcer formation. A recent study demonstrated the presence of specific gap junctions in the glandular mucosa of the equine stomach, however these gap junctions were absent in the squamous mucosa of the stomach [45]. This suggests that there are significant differences in the permeation pathway of the glandular vs. the squamous epithelium which may explain (in part) why in this study population, with a predominace of glandular ulcers, the sucrose blood test had a poorer diagnostic accuracy than expected.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Diagnostic accuracy of blood sucrose as a screening test for equine gastric ulcer syndrome (EGUS) in adult horses

et al. 2017

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BackgroundEquine gastric ulcer syndrome (EGUS) is common in adult horses, particularly those involved in performance disciplines. Currently, detection of EGUS by gastroscopy is the only reliable ante mortem method for definitive diagnosis; however it is unsuitable as a screening test because it is expensive, time consuming, and is not readily available to most veterinarians. Sucrose permeability testing represents a simple, economical alternative to gastroscopy for screening purposes, and the feasibility of this approach in the horse has been previously reported. The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of blood sucrose as a screening test for EGUS in a large group of adult horses with and without naturally occurring gastric disease.ResultsOne hundred and one adult horses with or without naturally occurring gastric ulceration were studied. The diagnostic accuracy of blood sucrose for diagnosis of gastric lesions (GL), glandular lesions (GDL), squamous lesions (SQL), and clinically significant lesions (CSL) at 45 and 90 min after administration of 1 g/kg of sucrose via nasogastric intubation was assessed using receiver operator characteristics (ROC) curves and calculating the area under the curve (AUC). For each lesion type, sucrose concentration in blood was compared to gastroscopy, as the gold standard, and sensitivities (Se) and specificities (Sp) were calculated across a range of sucrose concentrations. Ulcer grading was performed blindly by one observer; and the results were validated by comparing them with that of two other observers, and calculating the level of agreement. Cut-off values were selected manually to optimize Se. The prevalence of GL, GDL, SQL, and CSL was 83, 70, 53 and 58% respectively. At the selected cut-offs, Se ranged from 51 to 79% and Sp ranged from 43 to 72%, depending upon the lesion type and time of sampling.ConclusionsBlood sucrose is neither a sensitive or specific test for detecting EGUS in this population of adult horses with naturally occurring gastric ulceration. Further studies aimed at evaluating the performance characteristics of the test in different study populations are warranted. Given the limitations of endoscopy, due consideration should also be given to alternative methods for comparison of blood sucrose with a gold standard.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13028-017-0284-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Because of the important role of gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) in the equine gastric mucosal defense system, Fink et al (2006) have performed the missing immunohistochemical and in situ hybridization analysis of gap junction protein connexin 32 (Cx32) in this organ. Cx32 was found in the glandular regions, but was undetectable in squamous mucosa.…”

Section: Aspects Of Cell Membranes: Caveolins Transporters Junctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The histochemistry and cell biology vade mecum: a review of 2005–2006

Taatjes

Zuber

Roth

2006

Histochem Cell Biol

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The procurement of new knowledge and understanding in the ever expanding discipline of cell biology continues to advance at a breakneck pace. The progress in discerning the physiology of cells and tissues in health and disease has been driven to a large extent by the continued development of new probes and imaging techniques. The recent introduction of semi-conductor quantum dots as stable, specific markers for both fluorescence light microscopy and electron microscopy, as well as a virtual treasure-trove of new fluorescent proteins, has in conjunction with newly introduced spectral imaging systems, opened vistas into the seemingly unlimited possibilities for experimental design. Although it oftentimes proves difficult to predict what the future will hold with respect to advances in disciplines such as cell biology and histochemistry, it is facile to look back on what has already occurred. In this spirit, this review will highlight some advancements made in these areas in the past 2 years.

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Specific localisation of gap junction protein connexin 32 in the gastric mucosa of horses

Cited by 16 publications

References 29 publications

Altered Expression and Localization of Connexin32 in Human and Murine Gastric Carcinogenesis

Altered Expression and Localization of Connexin32 in Human and Murine Gastric Carcinogenesis

Diagnostic accuracy of blood sucrose as a screening test for equine gastric ulcer syndrome (EGUS) in adult horses

The histochemistry and cell biology vade mecum: a review of 2005–2006

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