“…One of the physical education materials at school is volleyball. The volleyball game has several basic techniques, service, passing, smash, and block (Junior, 2018;Zonifa, 2020;Pekas et al, 2019). So far, the instruments used by Dewanti, G., Nompembri, S., Widiyanto, Hartanto, A., & Arianto, A.C. (2023).…”