Specificity of Heteroantisera to Human Acute Leukemia-Associated Antigens

Baker, Michael A.; Ramachandar, K.; Taub, Robert N.

doi:10.1172/jci107872

Cited by 37 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…DNA anti-DNA (40) (44)(45)(46). Correlation between the presence in serum of immune complexes and the blastic cell proliferation is also in agreement with a possible involvement of leukemia-associated antigens (5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)47). However, the destruction of many malignant cells by chemotherapy does not increase the level of circulating immune complexes.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

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Clinical Relevance of Circulating Immune Complexes in Human Leukemia

Carpentier¹,

Lange²,

Fière³

et al. 1977

J. Clin. Invest.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…In leukemia, tumor-associated antigens have been mainly detected by the use of xenoantisera to leukemic cells (5)(6)(7)(8). Circulating antibodies, leukemic cell-bound immunoglobulins, and lymphocytes which had in vitro cytotoxicity for leukemic cells, have been found in patients with leukemia (9)(10)(11)(12)(13).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Relevance of Circulating Immune Complexes in Human Leukemia

Carpentier¹,

Lange²,

Fière³

et al. 1977

J. Clin. Invest.

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“…In a review published in 1973, Harris 10 described possible mechanisms for the alteration of cell membrane antigens in leukemia and reviewed previous attempts to define these antigens, predominantly through animal-derived antisera. A study performed by Baker et al 11 in 1974 yielded a rabbit-derived antiserum that was non-reactive with normal cells but highly reactive with leukemic blasts from patients with ALL and AML, indicating that antigenic differences existed between leukemic and non-leukemic cells. In 1975, Greaves 12 reviewed this subject and postulated that the use of immunofluourescent reagents and antibodies directed against leukemia-associated antigens could be used to detect residual leukemic cells and screen patients for early signs of relapse.…”

Section: Multi-color Flow Cytometry-based Detection Of Mrd In Amlmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 1975, Greaves 12 reviewed this subject and postulated that the use of immunofluourescent reagents and antibodies directed against leukemia-associated antigens could be used to detect residual leukemic cells and screen patients for early signs of relapse. 11 Subsequent investigations failed to define an antigenic profile specific for AML; however, within two decades of Greaves 12 review, several groups had demonstrated expression of aberrant cell surface antigens on leukemic blasts which could be used to detect MRD. [13][14][15][16] These antigenic alterations are referred to as leukemia-associated immunophenotypes' (LAPs or LAIPs) and are the principal basis of immunological MRD detection (Table 3).…”

Section: Multi-color Flow Cytometry-based Detection Of Mrd In Amlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-color flow cytometric immunophenotyping for detection of minimal residual disease in AML: past, present and future

Jaso

Wang

Jorgensen

et al. 2014

Bone Marrow Transplant

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Current chemotherapeutic regimens achieve CR in a large percentage of patients with AML. However, relapse after CR remains a significant problem. The presence of leukemic cells at levels too low to be detected by conventional microscopy, termed minimal residual disease (MRD), has been associated with an increased risk of relapse and shortened survival. Detection of MRD requires the use of highly sensitive ancillary techniques. Multi-color flow cytometric immunophenotyping is a sensitive method for quick and accurate detection of MRD. Use of this method in patient management may result in lower rates of relapse and improved survival, and is an effective means of assessing novel therapeutic agents. This method can be used in the vast majority of patients with AML, regardless of the immunophenotypic, cytogenetic and molecular genetic abnormalities present. Unfortunately, conflicting data regarding optimum methods of measurement and reporting, as well as the expertize required to interpret results have limited broad application of this technique. We provide a broad overview of this technique, including its advantages and limitations, and discuss the methods employed at our institution. We also review several possible areas of future investigation. INTRODUCTION AML is characterized by clonal expansion of myeloid precursors in the BM, peripheral blood and/or extramedullary tissues. 1 Current treatment regimens achieve CR in the majority of adult patients; however, approximately 65% of patients develop relapsed disease. 2,3 Thus, there is a need to effectively identify which patients are at most risk for impending relapse. Low levels of leukemic cells, termed minimal residual disease (MRD), have been shown to correlate with an increased risk of relapse and shortened survival believed to be a major cause of relapse. 4 These cells are present at levels below the sensitivity of conventional microscopic examination and as such, their detection requires the use of sensitive ancillary techniques. Detection of MRD by multi-color flow cytometric immunophenotyping (MFC) has been shown to be useful in the detection and characterization of MRD. However, several important concepts must be understood in order to ensure optimal application of this technique in both the clinical and research settings so that the information provided can be translated into better patient outcomes.

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“…The greatest difficulty in this kind of study is the preparation of specific antisera; it is clear that an inoculated animal produces antibodies against nonspecific and assumed associated leukemic antigens. For their inoculations some authors used animals with tolerance towards human leukocyte antigen (HLA), identical normal human cells [4], or extracts of membranes of continuous cultured cells which might have cross-reacting antigens with leukemic cells [5,7,10]. …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation, Purification and <i>in vitro</i> Properties of a Serum against Human Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Associated Antigens

Pandolfi¹,

Luzi²,

Tozzi³

et al. 1977

Acta Haematol

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A serum against human lymphoblastic leukemia cells was obtained inoculating rabbits. We studied the specificity of the serum before and after particular absorptions in various clinical conditions. The serum was cytotoxic against many cases of acute lymphoblastic leukemia, against continuously cultured Burkitt’s lymphoma cells and against chronic myelogenous leukemia in blast crisis. On the contrary, the serum was not cytotoxic against lymphocytes of normal donors, acute lymphoblastic leukemia in remission and other lymphoproliferative disorders.

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Specificity of Heteroantisera to Human Acute Leukemia-Associated Antigens

Cited by 37 publications

References 36 publications

Clinical Relevance of Circulating Immune Complexes in Human Leukemia

Clinical Relevance of Circulating Immune Complexes in Human Leukemia

Multi-color flow cytometric immunophenotyping for detection of minimal residual disease in AML: past, present and future

Preparation, Purification and <i>in vitro</i> Properties of a Serum against Human Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Associated Antigens

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