Spectral correlations in resonance fluorescence

Nienhuis, G.

doi:10.1103/physreva.47.510

Cited by 51 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…1(a)] [27][28][29][30]. The emergence of these peaks may be viewed as a result of a cascade emission down a ladder of pairs of "dressed states" [31,32] and it is natural to investigate under which circumstances photonphoton correlations can be generated via such a cascade. The seminal work by Cohen-Tannoudji et al first showed experimentally that filters positioned to select opposite Mollow triplet sidebands under a laser detuning can produce such correlations from a strongly driven two-level atom [33].…”

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confidence: 99%

Franson Interference Generated by a Two-Level System

2017

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We report a Franson interferometry experiment based on correlated photon pairs generated via frequency-filtered scattered light from a near-resonantly driven two-level semiconductor quantum dot. In contrast to spontaneous parametric down conversion and four-wave mixing, this approach can produce single pairs of correlated photons. We have measured a Franson visibility as high as 66%, which goes beyond the classical limit of 50% and approaches the limit of violation of Bell's inequalities (70.7%).Introduction-Entanglement is perhaps the most intriguing of all physical phenomena, and was famously challenged by Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen (EPR) in 1935 [1]. The EPR paradox led to Bell's inequalities [2] which were since tested by numerous experiments [3] including recent "loophole-free" tests [4][5][6] that have conclusively demonstrated that entanglement cannot be explained using local hidden variable theories.Most experiments have employed photons that are entangled in the energy and polarization degrees of freedom [7][8][9][10]. However, this method is known to be sensitive to polarization mode dispersion in optical fibers [11]. As an alternative, entanglement in the time-energy basis may be employed, wherein quantum information is encoded in the arrival time of photons, and long-distance fiber transmission over 300 km is possible [12]. The approach of using time-energy entangled photons was first formulated by Franson, with photon pairs created in an atomic decay process and two unbalanced interferometers [13]. Franson-type experiments have stimulated a plethora of research activities and have been extensively used for Bell tests in quantum optics [14][15][16].Today, entangled photon pairs for Franson experiments are primarily produced via spontaneous parametric down conversion (SPDC) or four-wave mixing (FWM), following two main methods. In time-energy experiments [17,18], a nonlinear medium is pumped by a continuous monochromatic laser and emission times of the photons have an uncertainty equal to the coherence time of the pump laser. On the other hand in time-bin experiments [14,19], a nonlinear medium is pumped by pulses that have previously passed through an unbalanced interferometer, leading to a "which-path" ambiguity in emission time. However, either method provides a nondeterministic pair generation, leading to limitations on the accuracy and security of quantum communication.Single-photon sources, based on single atoms, ions, impurity centers and quantum dots (QDs) [20], have emerged as alternatives [21,22], emitting no more than a single pair during any given cascade decay. In particular, intense research efforts using InAs semiconductor QDs have enabled the generation of triggered photon pairs at

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Franson Interference Generated by a Two-Level System

2017

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“…2(f). Frequency-resolved correlations for this system have been theoretically investigated in the past [16,[41][42][43][44] and were even measured [13,45,46] before the concept of the 2PS was put forward. But in both theoretical and …”

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confidence: 99%

“…Experimentally, this is readily achieved by inserted filters in the arms of the Hanbury Brown-Twiss configurations [9][10][11][12][13] or using a monochromator in a streak-camera setup [14]. Theoretically, the Glauber correlator must be upgraded to the so-called time-and frequency-resolved photon correlations [8,15,16],…”

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confidence: 99%

Optimization of photon correlations by frequency filtering

2015

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“…The characteristic resonance fluorescence spectrum of such a strongly driven system consists of three distinct spectral components denoted as the 'Mollow triplet' [1]. These can be identified as the 'Rayleigh' line (R) decorated by spectrally symmetric satellite peaks with the 'fluorescence' line (F ) as the low energy component and the 'three photon' line (T ) as the high energy sideband (for terms convention see [23]). These spectral components are a result of spontaneous emission down a ladder of pairs of so called 'dressed states'.…”

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Cascaded single-photon emission from the Mollow triplet sidebands of a quantum dot

et al. 2012

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1Emission from a resonantly excited quantum emitter is a fascinating research topic within quantum optics and a useful source for different types of quantum light fields. The resonance spectrum consists of a single spectral line below saturation of a quantum emitter which develops into a triplet at powers above saturation of the emitter [1][2][3]. The spectral properties of the triplet strongly depends on pump power [4,5] and detuning of the excitation laser. The three closely spaced photon channels from the resonance fluorescence have different photon statistical signatures [6]. We present a detailed photon-statistics analysis of the resonance fluorescence emission triplet from a solid state-based artificial atom, i.e. a semiconductor quantum dot. The photon correlation measurements demonstrate both 'single' and 'heralded' photon emission from the Mollow triplet sidebands [6]. The ultra-bright and narrowband emission (5.9 MHz into the first lens) can be conveniently frequency-tuned by laser detuning over 15 times its linewidth (∆ν ≈ 1.0 GHz). These unique properties make the Mollow triplet sideband emission a valuable light source for, e.g.quantum light spectroscopy and quantum information applications [7].Generation of non-classical light fields like single-, entangled-and heralded-photons form a vital part of many schemes of quantum information and computation. Atom optics demonstrated the heralded emission of single photons using resonance fluorescence from single atoms [8] and from cold atoms in a cavity [9]. Currently most of the heralded photon schemes use sources based on parametric down conversion [10]. Recently, there has been important developments in fiber-based heralded photon sources using four-wave mixing [11].Both of these techniques present Poissonian statistics with photon bandwidths usually larger than 100 GHz. The increased two-photon yield in these photon sources is at the expense of fidelity. Semiconductor QDs have demonstrated single- [12], entangled- [13,14] and heralded-photon sources [15] but mostly under non-resonant excitation schemes. Though, coherent excitation conditions of those quantum emitters are an important precondition since these promise to minimize most of the dephasing caused by the non-resonant, i.e. incoherent processes [7]. Coherent control of QD excitons has been demonstrated in a variety of experiments exhibiting Rabi splitting [16], Rabi oscillations [17], and resonant absorption [18,19]. Observations of oscillations in the first-order correlation [20], charac-2 teristic emission spectra in the frequency domain [21], and oscillations of the second-order photon correlation function [2] were all measured directly on the resonance emission from the QD. In particular, single-photon emission from a single fluorescence line (below the emitter saturation) along with photon indistinguishability as high as 90% was demonstrated [3]. Also the AC Stark shift of an exciton was used to bring the initially split QD exciton components into resonance with each other, thus forming a ...

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Spectral correlations in resonance fluorescence

Cited by 51 publications

References 17 publications

Franson Interference Generated by a Two-Level System

Franson Interference Generated by a Two-Level System

Optimization of photon correlations by frequency filtering

Cascaded single-photon emission from the Mollow triplet sidebands of a quantum dot

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