Spectral interferences in the determination of trace elements in environmental materials by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry

Daskalova, N.; Boevski, I.

doi:10.1016/s0584-8547(99)00043-9

Cited by 39 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…It is well known that samples with a complex matrix should be analyzed under robust plasma conditions [17,18]. According to our earlier studies [28], robust plasma conditions for fly ash materials can be obtained with a nebulizer gas flow of 0.6 L min -1 and a plasma power of 1400 W for radially viewed plasma only.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is due to lower concentrations of EIEs, especially calcium and magnesium. It is well known that the EIEs may lead to serious matrix effects with ICP-OES [17,18]; however, in this case the analysis can be performed without significant such effects. It should be noted that the measurement was performed with thoroughly optimized plasma conditions [28].…”

Section: Evaluation Of the Two-step Ultrasound-assisted Digestionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interferences during sample introduction in ICP-OES usually occur with samples of high viscosity and complex sample matrix. Most of the matrix effects are caused by the easily ionizable elements (EIEs) [17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The determination of trace element concentrations in fly ash samples using ultrasound-assisted digestion followed with inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry

Ilander

Väisänen

2009

Ultrasonics Sonochemistry

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A method of ultrasound-assisted digestion followed by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) used for the determination of trace element (chromium, copper, lead, nickel, vanadium and zinc) concentrations in fly ash samples was developed.All the measurements were performed in robust plasma conditions. Ultrasound-assisted digestion procedures using digestion solutions of aqua regia and hydrofluoric acid (HF) resulted in recovery rates of over 80 % for all the analyte elements. Ultrasound-assisted twostep digestion with digestion solutions of 6 mL of HNO 3 (Step 1) and 3 mL of HNO 3 + 3 mL of HF (Step 2) resulted in recovery rates of over 92 % for all the analyte elements with one exception, chromium, which had a recovery of about 85 %. The analysis of SRM 1633bshowed that the two-step ultrasound-assisted digestion method developed resulted in chromium, copper, nickel and zinc concentrations higher than the microwave digestion method standardized by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA method 3052). This is the very first time when a digestion method using ultrasound resulted in higher efficiency than microwave (USEPA method 3052) for chromium and nickel in very hard to dissolve samples. The major advantages of the ultrasound-assisted digestion over microwave digestion is the high treatment rate (about 30 samples simultaneously with a sonication time of 18 min) and the possibility to use new sample vessels without a significant increase in costs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Evaluation Of the Two-step Ultrasound-assisted Digestionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The determination of trace element concentrations in fly ash samples using ultrasound-assisted digestion followed with inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry

Ilander

Väisänen

2009

Ultrasonics Sonochemistry

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“…Most of the matrix effects are caused by the easily ionizable elements (EIEs) [39][40][41]. Matrix effects in plasma can be reduced by optimizing the processes of atomization and ionization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An ultrasound-assisted digestion method for the determination of toxic element concentrations in ash samples by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry

Ilander¹,

Väisänen²

2007

Analytica Chimica Acta

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A method of ultrasound-assisted digestion followed by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) used for the determination of toxic element concentrations (arsenic, barium, cobalt, copper, lead, nickel, strontium, vanadium and zinc) in ash samples was developed. All the measurements were performed in robust plasma conditions which were tested by measuring the Mg II 280.270 nm / Mg I 285.213 nm line intensity ratios. The highest line intensity ratios were observed when a nebulizer gas flow of 0.6 L min -1 , auxiliary gas flow of 0.2 L min -1 and plasma power of 1400 W were used for radially viewed plasma.The analysis of SRM 1633b showed that the ultrasound-assisted method developed is highly comparable with the microwave digestion method standardized by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA-3052). The ultrasound-assisted digestion with a digestion solution of aqua regia and hydro fluoric acid (HF) resulted in recovery rates of over 81 %. One exception is arsenic which resulted in recoveries of about 60 % only; however, it could be digested with good recovery (> 90 %) using a digestion solution of 5 mL of water and 5 mL of aqua regia. The major advantage of the ultrasound-assisted digestion over microwave digestion is the high treatment rate (30 samples simultaneously with a sonication time of 18 min).

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“…ETAAS determinations of lead in natural water samples after flotation with Fe(HpDTC) 3 water samples tested by ICP OES were concentrated by evaporation from 1 L to 25 mL. Our previous investigations 31,[35][36][37][38][39] show that the interferences of Ca/Mg on the intensities of Cr, Cu and Pb as trace elements are not present in the samples similar to the concentrated water samples by evaporation.…”

Section: Verification Of the Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fe(III) hepthyldithocarbamate as a new collector for flotation separation and preconcentration of Cr, Cu, and Pb from fresh waters before their determination by ETAAS

Čundeva¹,

Pavlovska²,

Stafilov³

2007

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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eletrotérmica (ETAAS). A possibilidade da aplicação de heptilditiocarbamato de ferro(III), Fe(HpDTC) 3 , como coletor foi estudada. Os parâmetros experimentais que influenciam a eficiência da flotação do coletor foram otimizados. Constatou-se que Cr(III), Cr(VI), Cu(II) e Pb(II) podem ser separados simultaneamente pela adição de 20 mg de Fe(III) e 6 mL de HpDTC -0,1 mol L -1 a 1 L de uma amostra teste, em pH 6,5. O fator de preconcentração do método é 40. A aplicabilidade do novo procedimento proposto foi verificada pelo método de adições padrão e por espectrometria de emissão óptica com plasma indutivamente acoplado (ICP OES) como um método comparativo independente. O limite de detecção para Cu pelo método de flotação/ ETAAS é 0,015 µg L -1 , 0,011 µg L -1 para Cr e 0,025 µg L -1 para Pb. Determinou-se que para concentrações baixas (de 0,025 a 0,2 µg L -1 ), o RSD para Cu é 1,5%; para Cr, 4,2% e para Pb é 7,8%; enquanto que para níveis de concentração mais altos (de 0,2 a 4,5 µg L -1 ), RSD para Cu é 1,7%, para Cr 2,8% e para Pb é 3,7%.A method for determination of Cr, Cu and Pb in fresh waters, after flotation separation and preconcentration step, by using electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS) is presented. The possibility of applying iron(III) hepthyldithiocarbamate, Fe(HpDTC) 3 , as a collector is studied. The experimental parameters affecting the flotation efficiency by a new collector were optimized. It is ascertained that Cr(III), Cr(VI), Cu(II) and Pb(II) can be separated simultaneously from matrix by addition of 20 mg Fe(III) and 6 mL 0.1 mol L -1 HpDTC -to a test sample of 1 L at pH 6.5. The preconcentration factor of the method is 40. The applicability of the new proposed procedure was verified by the method of standard additions and by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES), as an independent comparative method. The limit of detection for Cu by flotation/ETAAS method is 0.015 µg L -1 , for Cr is 0.011 µg L -1 , and for Pb 0.025 µg L -1 . It was found that for low concentrations (from 0.025-0.2 µg L -1 ) RSD for Cu is 1.5%, for Cr 4.2% and for Pb is 7.8%, while for the higher concentration level (from 0.2-4.5 µg L -1 ) RSD for Cu is 1.7%, for Cr 2.8% and for Pb is 3.7%.

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Spectral interferences in the determination of trace elements in environmental materials by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry

Cited by 39 publications

References 25 publications

The determination of trace element concentrations in fly ash samples using ultrasound-assisted digestion followed with inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry

The determination of trace element concentrations in fly ash samples using ultrasound-assisted digestion followed with inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry

An ultrasound-assisted digestion method for the determination of toxic element concentrations in ash samples by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry

Fe(III) hepthyldithocarbamate as a new collector for flotation separation and preconcentration of Cr, Cu, and Pb from fresh waters before their determination by ETAAS

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