Spectroscopic Analytical Study for the Charge-Transfer Complexation of Certain Cephalosporins with Chloranilic Acid

Saleh, Gamal A.; Askal, Hassan F.; Darwish, Ibrahim A.; El‐Shorbagi, Abdel‐Nasser

doi:10.2116/analsci.19.281

Cited by 74 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The results obtained (Table 11) were satisfactory compared to those given by a previously reported method [24]. Recovery studies were also carried out by standard addition method [25].…”

Section: Applications To the Analysis Of Pharmaceutical Dosage Formssupporting

confidence: 63%

Kinetic spectrophotometric determination of certain cephalosporins using iodate/iodide mixture

El-Shaboury

Mohamed²,

Saleh³

et al. 2010

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A simple, precise and accurate kinetic spectrophotometric method for determination of cefradine anhydrous, cefaclor monohydrate, cefadroxil monohydrate, cefalexin anhydrous and cefixime in bulk and in pharmaceutical formulations has been developed. The method based on a kinetic investigation of the reaction of the free carboxylic acid group of the drug with a mixture of potassium iodate and potassium iodide at room temperature to form yellow coloured triiodide ions. The reaction was followed up spectrophotometrically by measuring the increase in absorbance at 352 nm as a function of time. The initial rate, fixed time, variable time and rate-constant methods were adopted for constructing the calibration curves but fixed time method has been found to be more applicable. The analytical performance of the method, in terms of accuracy and precision, was statistically validated; the results were satisfactory. The method has been successfully applied to the determination of the studied drugs in commercial pharmaceutical formulations. Statistical comparison of the results with a well established reported method showed excellent agreement and proved that there is no significant difference in the accuracy and precision.

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“…The results obtained (Table 11) were satisfactory compared to those given by a previously reported method [24]. Recovery studies were also carried out by standard addition method [25].…”

Section: Applications To the Analysis Of Pharmaceutical Dosage Formssupporting

confidence: 63%

Kinetic spectrophotometric determination of certain cephalosporins using iodate/iodide mixture

El-Shaboury

Mohamed²,

Saleh³

et al. 2010

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“…Por sua vez, a literatura cientí-fica relata o desenvolvimento de outros métodos analíticos para este fim em que outras técnicas analíticas são empregadas tais como a espectrofluorimetria, 5 a quimioluminescência, 6,7 , a eletroforese capilar 8 e a espectrofotometria. [9][10][11][12][13][14] Ainda, outros vários métodos baseados na cromatografia a líquido de alta eficiência já foram relatados para este fim. [15][16][17] Entretanto, estes métodos cromatográficos são caracterizados pela baixa produtividade e pelo alto custo da instrumentação, quando comparados com os métodos espectrofotométricos.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Determinação espectrofotométrica de cefalexina em formulações farmacêuticas explorando a sua reação de transferência de carga com a quinalizarina

Paula¹,

Almeida²,

Cassella³

2010

Quím. Nova

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Recebido em 16/9/09; aceito em 8/12/09; publicado na web em 25/3/10 SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF CEPHALEXIN IN PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATIONS EXPLORING ITS CHARGE TRANSFER REACTION WITH QUINALIZARIN. This work proposes a new simple and fast spectrophotometric method for cephalexin determination in pharmaceutical formulations. The method is based on the charge transfer reaction between cephalexin and quinalizarin in dimethylsulfoxide medium. Several analytical parameters related to the system were optimized and the reaction was characterized in terms of stoichiometry. Also, association constant and apparent molar absorptivity of the product were determined. The method presented a limit of detection of 0.46 mg L -1 and a quantification limit of 1.5 mg L -1. It was successfully applied in the determination of cephalexin in two samples of commercial pharmaceutical formulations.Keywords: cephalexin; charge transfer reaction; spectrophotometry. INTRODUÇÃOA primeira fonte das cefalosporinas, Cephalosporium acremonium, foi isolada em 1948 a partir do micro-organismo denominado Brotzu do mar, em uma localidade próxima a uma saída de esgoto na costa da Sardenha, Itália. Foi constatado que os filtrados não tratados de cultura destes micro-organismos inibiam in vitro o crescimento de Staphilococcus aureus. Posteriormente, verificou-se que os líquidos de culturas nos quais o fungo da Sardenha era cultivado continham três antibióticos distintos, que foram denominados inicialmente de cefalosporina P, N e C. Com o isolamento do núcleo ativo da cefalosporina C, o ácido 7-aminocefalosporânico, e com o acréscimo de cadeias laterais, foi possível produzir substâncias semissintéticas com uma atividade antibacteriana muito maior do que a substância original. A partir desta constatação foram produzidas as cefalosporinas de primeira geração, entre estas a cefalexina (ácido 7-(D-2-amino-2-fenilacetamido)-3-metil-8-oxo-5-tia-1-azabiciclo [4.2.0]oct-2-eno-2-carboxílico), um antibiótico largamente utilizado na medicina humana para o combate de diversos tipos de infecções. A cefalexina (Figura 1) é extensamente comercializada no Brasil, uma vez que está presente em diversas formulações farmacêuticas de diferentes fabricantes. 1No Brasil, atualmente, a automedicação constitui-se em um grave problema de saúde pública. Os antibióticos aparecem em segundo lugar entre os medicamentos mais utilizados pela população, sendo superados apenas pelos analgésicos. No caso dos antibióticos, o seu uso exagerado, entre outros fatores, pode levar ao aumento da resistência bacteriana, tornando o medicamento cada vez mais ineficaz no tratamento da infecção.2 Neste contexto, o controle rigoroso das quantidades administradas aos pacientes pode ser considerado um assunto de importância social e econômica. Sem dúvida alguma, um dos aspectos importantes deste processo diz respeito ao controle das quantidades de princípios ativos presentes em medicamentos comerciais, o que exige o desenvolvimento de metodologias analíticas rápidas, simples, baratas e confiáveis...

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“…DDQ is a π-acceptor which reacts instantaneously with basic nitrogenous compounds to form a chargetransfer complex of n-π type [13][14][15][16][17][18] . The spectrum of DDQ in the acetonitrile mixture exhibits an absorption band at 372 nm.…”

Section: Reaction Of Ra With Ddqmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the 1 H NMR spectra of the complex, generally the protons of the donor are shifted to downfield (paramagnetic shift) [14][15][16][17][18] . The 1 H NMR spectra of the charge transfer complex of RA with DDQ as an accepwww.scienceasia.org tor was recorded in d 6 -DMSO along with the spectra of the free drug (Fig.…”

Section: Spectroscopic Investigations For the Structure Of Charge Tramentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

Khan¹,

Chaudhary²,

Patro³

et al. 2009

ScienceAsia

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A simple, sensitive spectrophotometric method was developed for the determination of rabeprazole sodium (RA) in pure form and for pharmaceutical formulations. The charge transfer interaction between RA and 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-p-benzoquinone (DDQ) as an acceptor was investigated spectrophotometrically. Variables affecting the reaction were studied and optimized. The proposed method was applied successfully to the determination of RA in its pure form and pharmaceutical dosage forms with good accuracy and precision. The formation of charge transfer complex and the site of interaction was confirmed by using UV-Visible spectrophotometry, FT-IR spectrometry, and 1 H NMR techniques. Based on Job's method of continuous variation plots, the obtained results indicate the formation of 1:1 charge transfer complex with a general formula [(RA) (DDQ)]. Statistical comparison of the results with the reference method shows excellent agreement and indicates no significant differences in accuracy or precision.

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Spectroscopic Analytical Study for the Charge-Transfer Complexation of Certain Cephalosporins with Chloranilic Acid

Cited by 74 publications

References 25 publications

Kinetic spectrophotometric determination of certain cephalosporins using iodate/iodide mixture

Kinetic spectrophotometric determination of certain cephalosporins using iodate/iodide mixture

Determinação espectrofotométrica de cefalexina em formulações farmacêuticas explorando a sua reação de transferência de carga com a quinalizarina

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