Speech Science: An Integrated Approach to Theory and Clinical Practice

Ferrand, Carole T.

doi:10.1097/00003446-200112000-00011

Cited by 49 publications

(54 citation statements)

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“…The mean voicing duration for /n/ and /s/ sounds were 61.19 ms and 178.67 ms respectively. This is in accordance to the study [16] that has been done for consonants duration, where plosives are extremely short in duration, whereas fricatives are longer. When comparing the distortion pattern of each sounds to normal pattern, there were marked distortion of /t d k n/ sounds recorded immediately after wearing the retainer (T 1 ) (p<0.008).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Among the five phonemes, /d/ sound was the only phonemes that have the negative value of mean VOT. Unlike English, Malay voiced plosives (/b/, /d/, /g/) were in negative values because the voicing occurs before the actual release of air prior to glottal closure [16]. The result of the study shows that the mean VOT value for /d/ sounds was -86.54 ms during normal pattern.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

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A Prospective Evaluation of Speech Distortion among Patients Wearing Hawley Retainer Using Acoustics Approach

Khan¹,

Ibrahim²,

Hamid³

2017

JDHODT

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Background: Orthodontic retainers constrict the oral cavity's dimension and restrict tongue movement during articulation, resulting in distortions of various sounds. Speech impairment is among the main reason for poor patient compliance in wearing the retainers which leads to treatment relapse. Objectives:To determine and describe the changes of the distorted sounds in patients wearing upper and lower Hawley retainer. Materials and methods:Sixteen orthodontic patients who were at the end of fixed appliance phase were included as subjects in this study. They were all speakers of native Malay, aged between 15 to 31 years old. The sound sample of selected phonemes with /t/, /d/, /k/ and /n/ consonant were recorded from the subjects before wearing (T 0 ), immediately after wearing retainers (T 1 ), and at 1 week (T 2 ), 2 weeks (T 3 ), 1 month (T 4 ), 2 months (T 5 ) and 3 months (T 6 ) of wearing the retainers. Based on the recordings, acoustic analysis was performed objectively on each subject to determine the duration value of selected phonemes at each interval.Results: All phonemes tested showed significant speech distortion (p<0.008) immediately after wearing the retainers. After one week, /k/ sound showed marked improvement in all subjects. Significant distortion of /n/ sound was recorded (p<0.008) for up to 2 months. No significant speech distortions were recorded after 3 months (p>0.008). Conclusions:A marked distortion of /t/, /d/, /k/ and /n/ consonant sounds were observed in patients during the initial wearing of Hawley retainer. Patient needs to be well informed of the changes and encouraged for constant wearing. With good cooperation, speech will be adapted to normal pattern within 3 months.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

A Prospective Evaluation of Speech Distortion among Patients Wearing Hawley Retainer Using Acoustics Approach

Khan¹,

Ibrahim²,

Hamid³

2017

JDHODT

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“…Of potential relevance here are the facts that /p/ and /t/ may be less marked than /k/ (Yavaş, 1998) and that /t/ has higher intensity spectral energy than /p/ and /k/ (Ferrand, 2001), which may make it more perceptually salient.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

The perception of word boundaries in a second language

Altenberg

2005

Second Language Research

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Adult Spanish second language (L2) learners of English and native speakers of English participated in an English perception task designed to investigate their ability to use L2 acoustic-phonetic cues, e.g., aspiration, to segment the stream of speech into words. Subjects listened to a phrase and indicated whether they heard, e.g., keep sparking or keeps parking. The results indicate that learners are significantly worse than native speakers at using acousticphonetic cues, and that some types of stimuli are easier for learners to segment than others. The findings suggest that various factors, including transfer and markedness, may be relevant to success in L2 segmentation. I IntroductionIn order to comprehend language, part of what the listener needs to do is to segment the continuous stream of incoming speech into meaningful units. A number of researchers (e.g., Quené, 1992;Gow and Gordon, 1995) suggest that speakers of a language need to use acousticphonetic information to segment speech and retrieve words, probably in conjunction with other information, for example, syntactic information. The majority of research in second language (L2) speech has explored speech production (Leather, 1999); those studies dealing with L2 speech perception have focused largely on the perceptual categorization of L2 speech sounds. (For reviews, see, for example, Leather, 1999; Major, 2001.) Thus, our knowledge of second language speech perception in general is limited, our knowledge of how well second language Address for correspondence: Evelyn P. Altenberg, Department of Speech-Language-Hearing Sciences, Davison 106, Hofstra University, Hempstead, NY 11549, USA; email: sphepa@hofstra.edu learners are able to use acoustic-phonetic information in L2 speech perception even more so. The goal of the study reported here is to explore the abilities of adult learners of English to use acoustic-phonetic cues to segment the second language stream of speech into words. Learners listened to English stimuli such as keep sparking and indicated whether they heard, for example, keep sparking or keeps parking. Such an investigation adds to our knowledge of what learners do and do not know in terms of L2 speech perception and provides an avenue for the exploration of relevant issues in second language acquisition.The study addresses the following two questions:• How do second language learners compare to native speakers in their ability to use acoustic-phonetic cues to segment natural speech into words? In particular, is there evidence that learners are able to acquire and use second language acoustic-phonetic cues?• Are some stimuli easier than others for second language learners to segment and, if so, what factors can account for these differences? In particular, is there evidence of transfer at the allophonic and /or syllabic levels, and/or of universal factors, such as markedness, in L2 speech segmentation?Two issues that have been central to the study of L2 phonology, transfer and markedness, are relevant to the investigation here. Research...

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“…A pitch declination, the fundamental frequency of a speaker begins with a higher frequency pitch in the beginning of the sentence and declines nearing the end of a sentence, even though the pitch declination falls into the realm of psychology and anatomy (Kutik, Cooper, & Boyce 1983;Ferrand, 2001), it can also provide cognitive and paralinguistic information for the listeners (Kutik, et al 1983). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prosodic Problems in Children with Autism

Ningsih

Rahyono²,

Roosman

2017

Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Applied Linguistics (CONAPLIN 9)

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Abstract-Prosodic gives a lot of information relevant to understanding of spoken messages. In addition, prosodic in signaling understanding in language interaction. The aim of this study was to point out, the possible recurring patterns in the pitch contours of children in autism. This project was the development of an analysis or synthesis tool in PRAAT that extracts prosodic features from a speech signal and furthermore, creates a syntactic signal consisting of these features only. We give a description of the prosodic analysis, and implementation details and discuss its feature extension capabilities as well. The results of the present study showed that prosodic in its conversational context is useful in order to reveal possible functions of features that would have been overlooked with a more deficit prosodic in autism.

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Speech Science: An Integrated Approach to Theory and Clinical Practice

Cited by 49 publications

References 0 publications

A Prospective Evaluation of Speech Distortion among Patients Wearing Hawley Retainer Using Acoustics Approach

A Prospective Evaluation of Speech Distortion among Patients Wearing Hawley Retainer Using Acoustics Approach

The perception of word boundaries in a second language

Prosodic Problems in Children with Autism

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