Speed in the Third Reich: Metamphetamine (Pervitin) Use and a Drug History From Below

Snelders, Stephen; Pieters, Toine

doi:10.1093/shm/hkq101

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…And though Beringer casually mentions the shaping of the mescaline experience by the experimental conditions, and even the inevitable differences between the reaction to the drug upon first and second exposure, he too did not dedicate much attention to parameters other than constitution and personality. Similarly, 1930s and 1940s German research into Pervitin led to the realization that the drug's effects varied widely between patients and patient groups, but did not lead to conclusive inferences on how and why such differences emerged other than pointing to the possibility that different disease groups were marked by different biological constitutions leading to the differences in response, and labeling the question ''a multi-factor problem with a long list of unknowns'' (Flu¨gel, 1941(Flu¨gel, : 1288Snelders and Pieters, 2011).…”

Section: The Origins Of Set and Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constructing drug effects: A history of set and setting

Hartogsohn

2017

Drug Science, Policy and Law

298

240

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Set and setting is a term which refers to the psychological, social, and cultural parameters which shape the response to psychedelic drugs. The concept is considered fundamental to psychedelic research and has also been used to describe nonpharmacological factors which shape the effects of other agents such as alcohol, heroin, amphetamines, or cocaine. This paper reviews the history and evolution of the concept of set and setting from the 19th-century Parisian Club des Hashischins, through to 1950s psychotomimetic research on nondrug determinants of psychopharmacology, the use of extra-drug techniques by psychedelic therapists of the 1950s, and the invention of the concept of set and setting by Leary. Later developments and expansions on the concept of set and setting are discussed, and the term of collective set and setting is suggested as a theoretical tool to describe the social forces which shape individual set and setting situations. The concept of set and setting, it is argued, is crucial not only for psychedelic research but also for advancing drug research and developing more effective drug policy.

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Section: The Origins Of Set and Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constructing drug effects: A history of set and setting

Hartogsohn

2017

Drug Science, Policy and Law

298

240

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“…With some notable exceptions, research has tended to centre on substance use in an Anglo-American context. 5 A particular area of interest surrounds the emergence and development of the concept of 'addiction'. For some observers, such as the historian Jessica Warner, the modern disease-based concept of alcohol addiction first appeared in the seventeenth century.…”

Section: The Alice Rap Project: Addiction Through the Ages Across Europementioning

confidence: 99%

Using Digitised Medical Journals in a Cross European Project on Addiction History

Mold

Berridge

2018

Media History

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This article draws on research conducted as part of a European project on the changing terminology used to conceptualise habitual drug, alcohol or tobacco use. We wanted to find out what language was utilised in Italy, Poland, Austria and the UK and how those concepts had changed since the mid-nineteenth century. We intended to make use of digitised journals for key word searches to enable comparisons to be made across countries and across time. Nothing, however, was straightforward. Few countries had digitised medical journals, so researchers had to use traditional search methods. Even in the UK, where journals were available digitally, there were problems with access and the searches that could be made. Digitisation did not provide a quicker way of researching cross nationally. Nonetheless our work did arrive at some valuable new conclusions. Our experiences also raise wider questions about using digitised journals for historical research.

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“…These methamphetamine products included Pervitin tablets from the German firm Temmler and Methedrine tablets from Burroughs‐Wellcome, and the Drinalfa Inhaler from Squibb. Given the mood‐elevating and dependence‐producing properties of amphetamine and methamphetamine, there is no surprise that by the end of the Second World War these products were causing significant abuse and dependency . In practice, the product most prone to abuse, and the origin of medicine's discovery of amphetamine psychosis, was the Benzedrine Inhaler, which could easily be broken open for oral consumption of the large reservoir of amphetamine base inside …”

Section: Trivial and Chemical Names Of The Compounds Discussedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given the mood-elevating and dependenceproducing properties of amphetamine and methamphetamine, there is no surprise that by the end of the Second World War these products were causing significant abuse and dependency. [8][9][10] In practice, the product most prone to abuse, and the origin of medicine's discovery of amphetamine psychosis, was the Benzedrine Inhaler, which could easily be broken open for oral consumption of the large reservoir of amphetamine base inside. [5,11,12] Emerging problems notwithstanding, by the mid-1940s amphetamine's success motivated an expanded search for substitutes to use in all main indications, by now including weight loss.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

History full circle: ‘Novel’ sympathomimetics in supplements

Rasmussen

Keizers

2015

Drug Testing and Analysis

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Since the banning of ephedrine in over-the-counter nutritional supplements a decade ago, a plethora of untested and/or unsafe sympathomimetic stimulants have taken its place. This paper argues that these 'novel' stimulants in supplements recapitulate the work of synthetic chemists at commercial pharmaceutical firms during the 1930s and 1940s, all seeking substitutes for recently successful products based on ephedrine and amphetamine.

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Speed in the Third Reich: Metamphetamine (Pervitin) Use and a Drug History From Below

Cited by 13 publications

References 12 publications

Constructing drug effects: A history of set and setting

Constructing drug effects: A history of set and setting

Using Digitised Medical Journals in a Cross European Project on Addiction History

History full circle: ‘Novel’ sympathomimetics in supplements

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