Speleothem Stable Isotope Records from Eastern Europe &amp;amp; Turkey

Kern, Zoltán; Demény, Attila; Hatvani, István Gábor

doi:10.20944/preprints201812.0038.v1

Cited by 6 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 87 publications

(172 reference statements)

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“…On the whole, the spatial trend in δ 18 O is very similar for precipitation and speleothems ( Figure 5), and reflects increasing rainout away from the Atlantic (continental effect, [24]). Smaller-scale trends, such as the high δ 18 O values found in the circum-Mediterranean region, and the altitude effect apparent in the Alpine region, are mirrored by the SISAL data.…”

Section: Last Glacial Periodmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…We use the SISAL database to detect whether present-day regional trends in δ 18 O spel values exist, and how they compare to trends in precipitation δ 18 O, taking advantage of the dense network of GNIP stations with long-term measurement records (up to 50 years). All analyses were referenced to the period 1958-2015.…”

Section: Spatial Trends and Comparison To Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A latitudinal gradient is also present between the temperate-humid climate of Northern Europe and the seasonally arid climate of the Mediterranean region. These spatial gradients are reflected in the regional patterns of precipitation δ 18 O, and are predominantly related to the continental effect, with lower δ 18 O due to progressive rainout and Rayleigh distillation with increasing distance from the Atlantic coast [4,24]. Deviations from this trend are found in Southern Europe, where the influence of water vapour from the Mediterranean Sea can lead to higher δ 18 O values [25], and the Alpine region, where the altitude effect lowers precipitation δ 18 O [24,26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Potential of Speleothems from Western Europe as Recorders of Regional Climate: A Critical Assessment of the SISAL Database

et al. 2018

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Western Europe is the region with the highest density of published speleothem δ 18 O (δ 18 O spel ) records worldwide. Here, we review these records in light of the recent publication of the Speleothem Isotopes Synthesis and AnaLysis (SISAL) database. We investigate how representative the spatial and temporal distribution of the available records is for climate in Western Europe and review potential sites and strategies for future studies. We show that spatial trends in precipitation δ 18 O are mirrored in the speleothems, providing means to better constrain the factors influencing δ 18 O spel at a specific location. Coherent regional δ 18 O spel trends are found over stadial-interstadial transitions of the last glacial, especially in high altitude Alpine records, where this has been attributed to a strong temperature control of δ 18 O spel . During the Holocene, regional trends are less clearly expressed, due to lower signal-to-noise ratios in δ 18 O spel , but can potentially be extracted with the use of statistical methods. This first assessment highlights the potential of the European region for speleothem palaeoclimate reconstruction, while underpinning the importance of knowing local factors for a correct interpretation of δ 18 O spel . Quaternary 2018, 1, 30 2 of 30and AnaLysis (SISAL) database (SISAL_v1) contains 376 speleothem records from across the globe [3]. About a quarter of these records (92) are from Western Europe, making it the region with the highest density of published speleothem datasets worldwide [3]. This paper reviews these records within the wider (palaeo-)climatic context of Western Europe, with the objective to identify and promote the potential of cave sites in the region for future palaeoclimate studies. Moreover, we test the suitability of a large compilation of speleothem records to reveal the existence of regional trends in space and time [4].While early studies on Western European speleothems principally focused on their availability for temperature reconstruction using δ 18 O of the carbonate [5,6], it was quickly recognised that δ 18 O spel is driven by a complex interplay of regional and site-specific factors, such as moisture source and circulation dynamics, amount of precipitation, dripwater residence time in the overlying karst, cave temperature and ventilation dynamics, and potential kinetic effects during carbonate deposition [7,8]. Due to the filtering effect of the soil-karst system, the δ 18 O spel signal is usually strongly temporally attenuated compared to precipitation δ 18 O, and affected to varying degrees by local noise [4]. This is particularly pronounced at mid-latitude sites and over the Holocene, when ranges in δ 18 O spel are typically small (average standard deviation of Western European δ 18 O spel in SISAL_v1 is 0.36 ) and reflect only moderate climate shifts, as is apparent from other palaeoclimatic evidence (e.g., [9]). Over glacial-interglacial timescales, changes in the seasonality of precipitation and the spatial stationarity of climate patterns need...

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Section: Last Glacial Periodmentioning

confidence: 65%

Section: Spatial Trends and Comparison To Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Potential of Speleothems from Western Europe as Recorders of Regional Climate: A Critical Assessment of the SISAL Database

et al. 2018

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“…The distinct imprint of Greenland interstadials on the MIS2 50-kyr record suggests that SO-1 records decadal to centennial-scale events, however, on glacial time-scales the δ 18 Occ records Black Sea surface water composition rather than Mediterranean source which determines most of the EM coastline records [56]. Additional discussion on Sofular cave, including the Holocene cycle documented in the speleothem δ 13 C time-series, can be found in the review of Eastern European records in SISAL_v1 [37].…”

Section: Controls On Speleothem δ 18 Occmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additional 6 sites from Eastern Europe and northern Turkey (see Kern et al. [37,38]), are included as these sites are along the dominant EM storm tracks, the major climate patterns controlling precipitation in the region (Figures 1 and 2; Table 1). The aim of this work is to highlight the applicability of speleothems from the ME currently logged in the SISAL_v1 database to resolve regional-scale consistencies and inconsistencies and to test for spatial coherency between speleothems and additional climate recorders (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Speleothems from the Middle East: An Example of Water Limited Environments in the SISAL Database

Burstyn¹,

Martrat²,

López³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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The Middle East spans the transition between temperate Mediterranean climate in the Levant to hyper-arid sub-tropical deserts in the southern part of the Arabian Peninsula, with the complex alpine topography in the northeast feeding the Euphrates and Tigris rivers which support life in the southeastern Fertile Crescent (FC). Climate projections predict severe drying in major parts much of the ME in response to global warming, making it important to understand the controls of hydro-climate perturbations in the region. Here we discuss 23 ME speleothem stable oxygen isotope (δ 18 Occ) records from 16 sites from the SISAL_v1 database, which provide a record of past hydro-climatic variability. Sub-millennial changes in ME speleothem δ 18 Occ values primarily indicate changes in past precipitation amounts superimposed on variations of the main synoptic pattern in the region, specifically Mediterranean cyclones. The coherency (or lack thereof) between regional records is reviewed from Pleistocene to present, covering the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), prominent events during deglaciation, and transition into the Holocene. The available speleothem δ 18 Occ time-series are investigated by binning and normalizing at 25-year and 200-year time windows over the Holocene. Important Holocene climatic oscillations are discussed, such as the 8.2 ka, 4.2 ka and 0.7 ka (the Little Ice Age) Before Present events. Common trends in the standardized anomalies are tested against different climate archives. Finally, recommendations for future speleothem-based research in the region are given along with comments on the utility and completeness of the SISAL database.

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Major hydrological shifts in the Black Sea “Lake” in response to ice sheet collapses during MIS 6 (130–184 ka BP)

Wegwerth

Dellwig

Wulf

et al. 2019

Quaternary Science Reviews

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Black Sea "Lake" record between 184 ka BP and 124 ka BP (MIS 6-5e) is presented.• Main parameters are δ 18 O, 87 Sr/ 86 Sr, Sr/Ca, and Mg/Ca of ostracods.• Higher temperatures and stadial-interstadial variability during early MIS 6.• Three long-term meltwater periods during insolation maxima and retreated ice sheets.• Caspian-Black Sea connection during meltwater periods, but different sources/pathways.

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Speleothem Stable Isotope Records from Eastern Europe & Turkey

Cited by 6 publications

References 87 publications

The Potential of Speleothems from Western Europe as Recorders of Regional Climate: A Critical Assessment of the SISAL Database

The Potential of Speleothems from Western Europe as Recorders of Regional Climate: A Critical Assessment of the SISAL Database

Speleothems from the Middle East: An Example of Water Limited Environments in the SISAL Database

Major hydrological shifts in the Black Sea “Lake” in response to ice sheet collapses during MIS 6 (130–184 ka BP)

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